Obesity, Diabetes And Lung Cancer - 1046 Words

Epidemiological studies: Critical Review of Obesity, Diabetes and Lung Cancer Epidemiological Study on Obesity The overweight problem is big issue in the United States and worldwide with the average American weighing 3-5 kilograms more than they did ten years ago. Obesity is an excess of body fat that leads to ill health. The study was based on a sample representative of United States where 22.9 percent men and 23.3 women were obese, and 44.1percent of men and 34 percent of women were overweight indicating that almost half of the United States population was overweight. The research covered children aged 6-11 years and the prevalence rate was 15.8 percent in 2007 with a higher prevalence among Black male and female’s at 20 percent and Hispanics at 26.5 with Whites recording the lowest at13.5 percent (World Health Organization, 2007). Adiposity is the balance between energy intake and expenditure. Excessive intake of energy rich food is one of the main contributors to obesity. The other cause is the sedentary lifestyle that most United States citizens expose themselves to with the younger generation spending more time on the couch either watching television, playing games or on the computer. This lack of exercise is a contributory factor of obesity (Cole, 2000). The other factor is the modern day preference for food rich in energy and fats from the traditional lean meals. Low sugar and a high fat diet are more prone to cause obesity than high sugar low fat diet. The highShow MoreRelatedPublic Health Policy Evaluation And Treatment Of Overweight And Obesity1451 Words   |  6 PagesIdentification, Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. National Heart, Lung and blood Institute. 1998. Surgeon General’s Call to Action. Heart Disease, the number one cause of death in the United States, as well as Stoke (4th) and Diabetes the 7th leading cause of death all have a common denominator; Obesity (CDC). All of these statistics have continued to increase in rank over the last few decades. By 2030, obesity will cost the United States 956.9 billion dollars (O’Neil)Read MoreRisks Associated With Lifestyle Diseases1652 Words   |  7 Pagesare considered as the major cause of death in Australia and globally. Risky behaviours are associated with lifestyle diseases as they can indicate an increased risk of developing a specific lifestyle disease. Some examples of risky behaviours are obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, lack of exercise and inadequate nutrition. An abundance of risky behaviours in an individual’s lifestyle could negatively impact their body’s homeostasis; thus not being capable of controlling body temperature, waterRead MoreDesign Interventional Models For Primary Care Providers1619 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Over the years from proven evidence-based research, there is a need for intervention as primary care physicians attempt to address the issue of adult obesity. Obesity can be linked to many adverse health outcomes such as: diabetes, hypertension and stroke as suggested by the National Heart, Blood and Lung Institute (2012). The purpose of this project is to design interventional models for primary care providers to implement into a wellness program. The program includes increased knowledgeRead MoreObesity: A Media Created Epidemic Essays698 Words   |  3 Pages What? Me worry? - - Alfred E. Neuman Is obesity really a serious health concern or is the â€Å"epidemic† merely a result of highly fabricated, misleading ideas of politicians and the media? The article, Obesity: An Overblown Epidemic? By W. Wayt Gibbs featured in the May 23, 2005 edition of Scientific America, raises this question. Most health experts and average people believe that obesity is one of the most prevalent health concerns today, resulting in increased risk for other majorRead MoreCrime Case Study951 Words   |  4 Pagesexplain the increase in obesity being reported. 2. Problem Analysis for Community/Zip Code: Problem: List two (2) problems within your community (for example, Infant Malnutrition, CVD, Lung Cancer, Obesity, Alcoholism, Violence) NOTE: These problems need to be something the Community Health Nurse can impact (for example, a CHN cannot build a sidewalk, repair a street, implement a new bus route, etc.). Remember to cite sources as appropriate. 1. Obesity 2. Type 2 Diabetes Select one of theseRead MoreUnmet Challenges Of Unmet Health Needs1147 Words   |  5 Pages Heart disease related hospitalizations rates in Alpena are 157.7 per 10,000 (MDCH, 2016b). Obesity The prevalence of obesity in Alpena Michigan is 32.1%, although this is below the national average of 37.7% it is still a significant unmet health need. Obesity, is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and contributes to heart disease, diabetes, stroke and certain types of cancer (CDC, 2016b). Alpena, has invested considerable resources in developing bi-paths throughout theRead MoreObesity : A Serious Health Condition1452 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is a serious health condition that, if left untreated, causes serious health conditions. Contrary to popular belief, obesity is more than a condition caused by overeating and lack of exercise (Vallor 2013). Obesity is a disease (Callahan 2013); a disease that Americans are spending about $150 billion on annually (Zamosky 2013). Additionally, changing a person’s diet and exercise regimen may not be effective in some cases of obesity (Vallor 2013). Obesity is not like most well-known diseases;Read More The Causes and Effects of Obesity686 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Obesity Overview Obesity according to Birmingham and Treasure means there is an excess of adipose tissue (fat) in the body (195). Today, hardly a day goes without the mention of an obesity related issue in the news. In a way, obesity is increasingly becoming a national epidemic. As medical practitioners debate on whether or not obesity should be regarded a disease, policy makers are mulling over what course of action should be adopted so as to rein in the problem of obesity. In an attemptRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Global Epidemic1474 Words   |  6 Pageschildhood obesity has become a global epidemic. Globally it is estimated that around 40-50 million children are obese. In the United States the amount of school-age children who are considered obese has risen from 6% in 1973 to 31% in 2009 (3). In children, obesity is defined as a child’s height and weight being at or over the 95th percentile (1). Childhood obesity can lead to a large amount of adverse consequences, including: low self-es teem, asthma, cancer, premature mortality, and type 2 diabetes (3)Read MoreImproving The Mortality And Morbidity Of Cardiovascular Disease980 Words   |  4 PagesECG’s, stress monitoring, heart changes monitoring, radiological procedures, and labs that could target specific cardiac markers Hsieh et al., 2012). 2. Tobacco use kills millions of people each year. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer (CDC, 2011). Tobacco control and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended the implementation of smoke-free policies to decrease the dangers of second hand smoking and smoke exposure (WHO, 2015). The IOM recommended increasing awareness about

Human Sexuality - 2732 Words

Human Sexuality By Ludwin Molina Spring, 1999 Introduction Human sexuality plays a major role in everyones life. Regardless, whether we are young or old, man or woman, American or Japanese, it is an integral part of what we do and who we are. There has been much done by way of research and scholarly writing examining human sexuality (e.g., Abramson Pinkerton, 1995; Beach, 1976; Diamond, 1997; Reinisch et al., 1990; Stalcup, 1995; Tiefer, 1995). This paper will explore the topic of human sexuality as a motivation. Of course, there are many emotions associated with human sexuality, but the primary aim of this particular paper will be a general overview of sexuality with special attention to the various perspectives, including the:†¦show more content†¦In other words, the participants behavior may consciously be changed to fit with what they believe the observer is seeking. Human Sexual Response (1966) by William Masters and Virginia Johnson is one of the seminal studies examining the sexual behavior of humans via the observation method. Despite the controversy engendered by the method of their study, it gave a reliable picture of what happens to the body during sexual behavior. Experimental Method. Experiments permit researchers to draw causal conclusions between the independent variable and dependent variable. One example of this method is exposing participants to sexually arousing materials while instruments monitor physiological responses (Katchadourian, 1989). The particular limitations of this study seem obvious, in that, one cannot manipulate many variables of interest directly because of ethical standards. Correlational Method. Allows the researcher to examine the relationship between variables of interest. For example, a researcher may be interested in the variables that relate to sexual satisfaction in couples. Therefore, he/she may look at the variables of partner compatibility, communication skills, and number of years the couple has been together. The major limitation of this method is that correlation does not equal causation. Case Study Method. The intensive study of one particular participant. A vast amount ofShow MoreRelatedThe Science Of Human Sexuality Essay1437 Words   |  6 Pages Sexology, an idea truly founded during the late nineteenth century, is the science of human sexuality and fixates on the non-reproductive physical and conceptual functions of sex. Methodically researching physical sexual behavior and objectively analyzing concepts of sexual desires, knowledge, and fantasies, sexology examines human sex and sexual identity in its raw, realistic, and carnal form. The science includes aspects of psychopathologic study in its evaluation of individuals’ sexual identitiesRead MoreHuman Sexuality Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesLegretta Williams- Anderson Module 1: Assignments Professor Dr. Brenda L. McCaa-Buckley PSY-225 Human Sexuality 14-Mar-2011 (O101) Instructions: In each box, identify the terms you use with each of the important people in your life. Use your answers to complete the â€Å"Becoming Comfortable With Sexual Language† assignment in Module 1. Sexual Communication Exercise | Same Sex Peers | Partner | Parent | Doctor | Male Genitalia | Dick | Thang | Pee Pee | Penis | Female GenitaliaRead MoreEssay on Human Sexuality1660 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ HUMAN SEXUALITY u08a1 Case Study Counseling Plan Due 6/3/12 Dr. Sternberg-- instructor By Elaine V. Y. TABLE OF CONTENT Page 1-------Table of Content Page 2--------An Assessment of the sexuality of the couple’s relationship; Page 3-------- Dynamics of the relationship; Multi-axial diagnostic; Page 5---- Sexual Response; Analysis and comparison of the sexual response cycle and the concept of sexual normality PageRead MoreReflection On Human Sexuality1933 Words   |  8 Pagessafety too. She still doesn t know I’m an atheist or am asexual.) And then there was that broad subject of human sexuality. That one was a doozy. Until I was almost twenty-four years old, I found myself still trying to solve the puzzles of sexuality as a topic. I was especially trying to figure out where in the picture I might fit. I believed the framework encompassed every adult human, so the question I asked wasn t if I fit, just where. Slowly, deep down, perhaps part of me I realized thatRead MoreThe Origins of Human Sexuality2085 Words   |  9 PagesThe Origins of Human Sexuality In their book Homicide, Martin Daly and Margo Wilson put forth a theory that challenges human societies common notion of human sexuality. They do this in an attempt to bring about a better understanding of homicide and male aggressiveness. According to Daly and Wilson, males instigate the overwhelming majority of dangerous altercations and they contend that this is due to status competition. Status competition is the idea that males must aggressively competeRead MoreContemporary Perspectives On Human Sexuality Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesThere are various perspective on human sexuality. As seen throughout time, human sexuality has taken several routes and has brought about a different perspective and beliefs on human sexuality. This difference is associated with the consequences man received during the Fall. The definition of authentic sexuality is viewed in several ways through a spectrum that includes theological perspective and contemporary society’s perspective. The se perspective have affected one’s current perspective and beliefsRead MoreContemporary Perspectives On Human Sexuality Essay1338 Words   |  6 PagesThere are various perspectives on human sexuality. As seen throughout time, human sexuality has taken several routes and has brought about different perspectives and beliefs about human sexuality. This difference is associated with the consequences man received during the Fall. The definition of authentic sexuality is viewed in several ways through a spectrum that includes theological perspective and contemporary society’s perspective. These perspectives have affected one’s current perspective andRead MoreHuman Sexuality And Culture Course1403 Words   |  6 PagesWhile taking this Human Sexuality and Culture course, I was presented with a question during one of the discussions: If you had a child with ambiguous genitalia, what would you do? How would you raise him or her? I had to think about this question for a few moments; I had never even considered it! I live in a culture where people fight for equality and others strive to be accepted because they may be different but they are human beings, and I support them; yet, I never imagined how I would be asRead MoreContextual Information On Human Sexuality2306 Words   |  10 PagesContextual Information on Asexuality Asexuality has been an elusive and intriguing subject in American society. Dr. Alfred Kinsey published reports on human sexuality where â€Å"category X† was mentioned (Asexual History, 2015). This category was used to describe individuals with a lack of sexual relationships and reactions (Asexual History 2015). In 1979, Michael Storms came up with a model of erotic orientation and this model included asexuality (Asexual History, 2015). Paula Nurius published a studyRead MoreEssay on The Details of Human Sexuality and Society1246 Words   |  5 PagesThis is a definition of from someone who has studied human sexuality †human sexuality is the way in which we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings (Rathus et al., 1993). There are many factors that help develop our sexuality, arguably one of the most important, is our actual gender. Whether, I am a male or female will likely have a major influence on the development of my individual sexuality. Furthermore, sexu ality is an integral part of our personalities whether we are aware of it or

Solar Energy free essay sample

A new solar powered adsorption refrigerator with high performance Meunier published a comparison of those three sorption systems for solar cooling (Meunier, 1994). The solid–gas system used in the present study is adsorption. The solar adsorption refrigerators have been developed mainly to be used in hot regions with no electricity supply. There is an urgent need in the health sector (for the conservation of medicines and vaccines). These systems have the advantage of not requiring any energy other than solar energy. Nomenclature COP Cp G H L m n P Q A T t coe? cient of performance [–] speci? c heat [J kgA1 KA1 ] global irradiance [W mA2 ] global irradiation [J] evaporation latent heat for water [J kgA1 ] mass [kg] number [–] pressure [Pa] heat quantity [J] area [m2 ] temperature [K] time [s] d e fs h l L m N R S tl w day evaporator collector front side solar heat supply load liquid maximum net rough solar thermal losses (of the cabinet) water Indexes c condenser Guilleminot, 1986; Pralon Ferreira-Leite and Daguenet, 2000) using either a chemical reaction or adsorption, follow an alternative cycle of heating/cooling, also known as ‘intermittent’, the period of which corresponds to the alternation of day and night. Regarding performance, the highest values of COPSR (0. 10–0. 12) were obtained with the adsorption systems zeolite + water (Grenier et al. , 1988) and activated carbon + methanol (Boubakri et al. , 1992a,b; Pons and Grenier, 1987). As methanol can easily evaporate at temperatures below 0 Â °C, thus favouring the production of ice, the most environmentally friendly refrigerant must be water. Using water, ice can be produced within the evaporator, acting as a ‘cold storage’. Both refrigerants, water or methanol, operate at below atmospheric pressure and therefore require vacuum technology. The main purpose of the present study is to obtain better performances than those reported above, with what is, technically speaking, a simple machine. This aim seems reasonably achievable with an adsorptive machine, operated in a 100% solar-powered 24 h cycle with a ? at-plate solar collector containing the adsorbent. However, when referring to the work reported above, both the e? ciency of the solar collector and that of the adsorption thermodynamic cycle could be improved. These requirements were crucial to the design of the ‘advanced’ machine. The laboratory of solar energy of the Engineering school of the Canton de Vaud (EIVD, Yverdon-lesBains, Switzerland) has been developing adsorptive solar refrigerators since 1999. The ? rst systems built used the adsorption pair of activated carbon + methanol. For reasons of reliability and respect for the environment, this pair has been abandoned in favour of a silicagel + water pair. The prototype described and analyzed in this paper has been functioning since the summer of 2000 on the site of the EIVD. A thorough measurement system allows us to characterise it in a complete way. During the summer of 2001, a constant procedure of thermal load in the cold cabinet allowed us to observe the behaviour of the adsorption system over a continuous period of 68 days. We have highlighted the great in? uence of both external temperature and daily irradiation upon the daily coe? cient of performance (COPSR ). Previously, few articles were interested in the analysis of the storage. 2. Description of adsorption and of the adsorption cooling cycle Adsorption, also known as physisorption, is the process by which molecules of a ? uid are ? xed on the walls of a solid material. The adsorbed molecules undergo no chemical reaction but simply lose energy when being ? xed: adsorption, the phase change from ? uid to adsorbate (adsorbed phase) is exothermic. Moreover this process is reversible. In the following, we will focus on adsorption systems mainly used in cooling (or heatpumping) machines: a pure refrigerant vapour that can easily be condensed at ambient temperature and a microporous adsorbent with a large adsorption capacity. The main components of an adsorptive cooling machine are the adsorber (in the present case, the solar collector itself), the condenser, the evaporator and a throttling valve between the last two devices, see Fig. 2. An ideal cycle is presented in the Dâ‚ ¬hring diagram (LnP u vs. A1=T ), Fig. 1. The cycle is explained in detail in (Buchter et al. , 2001). We can summarize it in four stages. C. Hildbrand et al. / Solar Energy 77 (2004) 311–318 313 Fig. 1. An ideal adsorption cooling cycle in the Dâ‚ ¬ hring diau gram. Saturation liquid-vapour curve for the refrigerant (EC dashed line), isoster curves (thin lines), adsorption cycle (thick lines). Heating period: step AB (7 a. m. ? 10 a. m. ) and step BD (10 a. m. ? 4 p. m. ); cooling period: step DF (4 p. m. ? 7 p. m. ) and step FA (7 p. m. ? 7 a. m. ). Step 1: isosteric heating ? A ! B?. The system temperature and pressure increase due to solar irradiance. Step 2: desorption + condensation ? B ! D?. Desorption of the water steam contained in the silicagel; condensation of the water steam in the condenser; the water in the evaporator is drained through the valve. Step 3: isosteric cooling ? D ! F?. Decrease of the period of sunshine; cooling of the adsorber; decrease of the pressure and the temperature in the system. Step 4: adsorption + evaporation ? F ! A?. Evaporation of water contained in the evaporator; cooling of the cold cabinet; production of ice in the evaporator; readsorption of water steam by the silicagel. 3. Description of the machine tested in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland Adsorptive pair. The refrigerant is water, and the adsorbent is a microporous silicagel (Actigel SGa , Silgelac). Collector–adsorber. The solar collector (2 m2 , tilt angle of 30Â °) is double-glazed: a Te? ona ? lm is installed between the glass and the adsorber itself. The adsorber consists of 12 parallel tubes (72. 5 mm in diameter) that contain the silicagel (78. 8 kg). The tubes are covered with an electrolytic selective layer (Chrome-black, Energie Solaire SA), which absorbs 95% of the visible solar radiation while presenting an emissivity of 0. 07 in the infrared wave-lengths. The tubes are layered with a material which presents high conductivity but low speci? c heat capacity (sheets of graphite: Papyexa , Le Carbone Lorraine). A central tube is made out of a grid (diameter 15 mm, mesh 1 mm, wire 0. 45 mm diameter). The ventilation dampers mentioned in the previous sections consist of a Fig. 2. Photograph and plan of an adsorptive solar refrigerator: solar collector–adsorber (1) with detail: glass cover (A), Te? ona ? lm (B), tube covered with selective surface (C) and internally layered with Papyexa , central tube for vapour transport (D), silicagel bed (E), thermal insulation around the collector (F); ventilation dampers (2) closed (2a) and open (2b), condenser(3), cold cabinet (4), graduated tank (5), valve (6), evaporator and ice storage (7). mechanism that allows the thermal insulation to be opened on the rear side of the collector (50 mm glass ?bre), to provide e? cient cooling by natural convection during the night. Condenser. Eight parallel ? nned tubes make a condenser, and are cooled by natural convection of air. The total ? n area is 6. 9 m2 . Evaporator, ice storage and cold cabinet. The evaporator consists of three rings made of square tubes. The total heat exchange area is 3. 4 m2 The evaporator contains 40 l of water which can be transformed into ice during the evaporation stage. The cold cabinet is chesttype and is well insulated (170 mm of expanded polystyrene) with an internal volume of 320 l. 314 C. Hildbrand et al. / Solar Energy 77 (2004) 311–318 Valve. A valve located between the graduated tank and the evaporator is needed on this machine. For control strategy reasons, this valve is electrically powered. 4. 5. Ventilation damper management Closing: when the irradiance goes above 100 W/m2 . Opening: at the end of the afternoon when the angle of the solar beam radiation incident upon the aperture plane of collector (angle of incidence) is above 50Â °. 4. Measurements and operations The objective of the 2001 series of measurements was to obtain a high number of measurements continuously, in order to characterise the working of our adsorption machine. To do this, a system of measurement and a constant procedure of load has been established. 4. 1. Measurements The temperature is measured (probes Pt100) in the silicagel of a central tube of the collector–adsorber (7 sensors), on two condenser tubes and three evaporator tubes; and the ambient air temperature is also measured. The vapour pressure is measured by a piezogauge in the collector-adsorber, in the condenser and in the evaporator. The global irradiance in the plane of the collector is recorded by a pyranometer. A graduated tank (6. 5 l) collects the condensed water. The level of liquid water is automatically measured by a level detector. 5. Meteorological conditions The series of measurements took place from July 25th to September 30th 2001 (68 days) in Yverdon-lesBains (altitude: 433 m, longitude: )6. 38Â °, latitude: 46. 47Â °). Fig. 3 shows the observed weather conditions (daily irradiation and mean external temperature). This graph shows two di? erent periods: (1) From July 25th to the beginning of September: during this summer period, the mean external temperature is above 20 Â °C and the mean daily irradiation reaches 22 MJ/m2 . This ? ne weather period is interrupted between the 3rd and 9th August by less favourable weather. (2) From the beginning of September to the end of the measurement: the mean external temperature and the daily irradiation are distinctly lower (13 Â °C and 13 MJ/m2 ). Furthermore, the conditions are very variable from one day to the next. 4. 2. Acquisition system and command 6. Performance of the tested unit A Labviewa program takes measurements and administers various commands (valve, dampers and load). A measurement is made every 30 s. For each day, a gross solar COPSR can be de? ned as the ratio of the heat extracted by evaporation of water to the solar heat supply, see equation (1). The ? rst one, Qe , is obtained by multiplying the mass of processed water, mL , by the enthalpy di? erence between the saturated vapour at Te and the saturated liquid at Tc The second one, Qh , is the product of the surface A of collector and the solar irradiation obtained by integrating the solar irradiance G from sunrise to sunset. This yields the following

venonous snakes Essay Example For Students

venonous snakes Essay It all started about five years ago when my brother had gotten me a job at the zoo. My whole life I had never really been interested in snakes, I had always thought that they were useless and served no interest to me what so ever. My entire life I had always had a love for animals and wanted to go to vet nary school so I could always be around animals, so Harold had given me a chance to become a zoo keeper. I worked at the Scotch Plains Zoo for three and a half years before it was closed down do to lack of money. While I had worked there I had become to love snakes and thought that were amazing creatures. This love grew to where I started taking in snakes that people didnt want as pets anymore so I would care for them. I started out with two constrictors one blood python and one red tailed boa. I still have both of these snake today the python is 7ft and ninety pounds and the boa is 5 feet and about fifty pounds. We will write a custom essay on venonous snakes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now At first my parents were going to have a heart attack but they accept it now. While I was working at the zoo I applied to take the test for caring for exotic and endangered animals. It had taken forever to get my permits and even with them it is still hard to purchase a lot of animals. When I moved out of my house and got my own place I wanted to start a breeding program for venomous snakes for other zoos in the country. I dont sell my snakes to them I just donate them so other people can see and learn from them that they are not Satans creatures and are quite docile. The first snake that I had purchased was a horned pit viper (which had taken me about 5 months to get. I had to hand build all my enclosures due to the fact that each snake needs different humidity, light and enclosure space. As time gone by I had gotten two more breeding pairs one russels viper and one death adder. The two vipers have a high potency of venom but nothing like the death adder, plus the death adder has one nasty attitude problem. The death adder is the third most venous snake in the world and if it did bite me I would only have 10 minutes to inject myself wit the anti-venom or I would be dead, and even with the anti serum I would still be hospitalized for some time. At my house I keep all three pairs of snakes in the basement all in separate enclosures. I can only put the males and females together at mating season or they could fight(snakes can sometimes be cannibals). It is funny when my roommates come home even to this day they check every night that each snake is in its cage( I guess I cant blame them though ) but they have accepted it and are starting to get use to it. In the future I plan to get one more breeding pair I am just no sure which ones I want yet. Over the past year I have gotten calls from several zoos that asked if they could have the hatchlings. So far you can see my snakes at the Poconos game far, Bronx Zoo, LA zoo, Columbus Zoo, and The South Carolina Alligator Farm. I do what I do not for the purpose of having venomous snakes but to show others that you dont really have much to fear from snakes unless you provoke them. People like I was are afraid of something that they shouldnt be, a snake is not going to come and attack you but more of the less try to get away from you as fast as they can. I think that everyone that is afraid of snakes should hold one just one time to realize that there is really nothing to fear but I also do not mean to go out there and pick up a venomous snake that would be stupid, but to go out and conquer there fears.

Healthy Dieting Versus Atkins Diet Essays

Healthy Dieting Versus Atkins Diet Essays Healthy Dieting Versus Atkins Diet Paper Healthy Dieting Versus Atkins Diet Paper Healthy Dieting Versus Atkins Diet   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Obesity is currently one of the most serious health problems in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 33.3% of men and 35.3% of women in the U.S. were considered overweight between 2005 and 2006. Between 2003 and 2004, meanwhile, the prevalence of obesity among children aged 12-19 years was said to have increased from 5% to 17.4%. A person is said to be overweight if his or her Body Mass Index (BMI) is between 25 and 29.9 and obese if he or she has a BMI of 30 or higher (CDC, n. pag.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a result, many Americans suffer from or die of lifestyle-oriented ailments that are otherwise highly-preventable. According to the American Heart Association, 451,326 Americans died of heart attack in 2004. Stroke claimed the lives of 275,000 Americans in 2002 (Internet Stroke Center, n. pag.). In the same year, 224,092 Americans died of diabetes (CDC, 6). Doctors attributed these mortality rates to sedentary lifestyles and high consumption of processed foods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These statistics prompted many Americans to assume various weight-loss regimens. The fitness industry in the U.S., in turn, capitalized on this need and offered a wide range of weight-loss strategies. From diet pills to liposuction, fitness centers throughout the country are making a killing out of making people thinner. The fitness industry was said to have earned $14.8 billion (2005) in the last ten years (Gold’s Gym, n. pag.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most popular fad diets nowadays is the Atkins diet. In this two-week diet, consumption of proteins and fats is allowed, but all forms of carbohydrates must be eliminated. Atkins operates on the premise that obesity is a result of excessive carbohydrate intake. Although the human body burns both carbohydrates and fat for energy, it uses carbohydrates first. The Atkins diet believes that should there be fewer carbohydrates in the body, it will burn fat more efficiently (WebMD, n. pag.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But the Atkins diet is very controversial primarily because of its negative health effects. The lack of carbohydrates forces the body to go into a state of ketosis, wherein it generates energy by burning its own fat. Ketosis, in turn, results in weight loss through decreased appetite. However, ketosis may also cause bad breath and constipation in some people (WebMD, n. pag.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Health and nutrition experts are concerned that Atkins will lead to more serious and long-term health problems. High intake of saturated fats may bring about higher risks of heart disease. Osteoporosis may likewise ensue due to low calcium consumption (dairy products are major sources of calcium). Nutritional deficiencies due to lack of vegetables and fruits in the diet may result in heart disease, cancer, premature aging and cataracts. Excessive consumption of protein may weaken bones or cause kidney ailments (Kellow, n. pag.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The core flaws of the Atkins diet are its unrealistic goal when it comes to weight loss and its claims that clearly go against common logic. People subscribe to Atkins mainly because of celebrities who boast that it will make them â€Å"lose 13 pounds in just two weeks.† Furthermore, the argument that fried chicken is healthier than baked potato because the latter is rich in carbohydrates is just plain stupid. Many studies have already proven than animal fats are major causes of heart ailments. Those who want to lose weight must consult a doctor and or a nutritionist rather than listen to an actress who has no scientific integrity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dieters should instead follow a weight loss program that has realistic goals. A healthy weight loss regimen aims for slow and moderate weight loss rather than losing a large amount of weight in a short period of time. The loss of about 5% to 15% of one’s body weight within six months or more is safer and easier to maintain. Fitness experts say that shedding  ½ to 2 pounds a week is the safe rate of weight loss (WIN, n. pag.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to lose weight safely and effectively, dieters must have a well-balanced food intake made up of fruits, vegetables and lean parts of meat and fish. They must also integrate weight loss into their everyday life through the following tips: a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Keep a food diary. A food diary lists the foods a dieter has eaten throughout the day, as well as what time these were eaten, the feelings the dieter had when eating them and how the dieter can improve on his or her eating habits (WIN, n. pag.). b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shop from a list and shop when not hungry (WIN, n. pag.). c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Store foods out of sight, or do not keep many high-fat, high-sugar foods in your home (WIN, n. pag.). d.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Eat smaller servings of regular meals. When eating in a restaurant, eat only half of your meal and take the rest home (WIN, n. pag.). e.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Eat at the table and turn off the TV (WIN, n. pag.). f.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Be realistic about weight-loss goals. Aim for a slow, modest weight loss (WIN, n. pag.). g.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Seek support from family and friends (WIN, n. pag.). h.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Expect setbacks and forgive yourself if you regain a few pounds (WIN, n. pag.). i.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Add moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical intensity to your weight-loss plan. Doing regular physical activity may help you control your weight (WIN, n. pag.). Attempting to lose weight, just like any endeavor, requires patience and realistic goals. Fad diets like Atkins may provide instant gratification to dieters, but at the expense of health problems with long-term effects. A healthy weight loss regimen may result in shedding fewer pounds at a longer period of time, but it will also bring about overall wellness. Thin is not in – fit is. â€Å"About Stroke: Stroke Statistics: U.S. Statistics.† 2008. Internet Stroke Center. 31 July 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   strokecenter.org/patients/stats.htm. â€Å"Better Health and You: Tips for Adults.† March 2008. Weight-Control Information Network   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (WIN). 09 August 2008 win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/better_health.htm#loseweight. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Fact Sheet: United States,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2005. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Control and Prevention, 2005. â€Å"Franchising: Why the Fitness Industry?† 2008. Gold’s Gym. 31 July 2008 goldsgym.com/golds/franchisng/facts.php. â€Å"Heart Attack and Angina Statistics.† 2008. American Heart Association. 31 July 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4591. Kellow, Juliette. â€Å"The Atkins Diet under the Spotlight.† 2008. Weight Loss Resources, Ltd.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   08 August 2008 weightlossresources.co.uk/diet/atkins_diet/atkins.htm. â€Å"Overweight and Obesity: Childhood Overweight.† 21 May 2008. Centers for Disease   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Control and Prevention (CDC). 31 July 2008 cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/childhood/index.htm. â€Å"Overweight and Obesity: Defining Overweight and Obesity.† 20 July 2008. Centers for   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 31 July 2008 cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/defining.htm. â€Å"Overweight and Obesity: Introduction.† 28 July 2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 31 July 2008 cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/index.htm. â€Å"The Atkins Diet: What It Is.† 2008. WebMD. 08 August 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   webmd.com/diet/atkins-diet-what-it-is.

Qué es la expulsión inmediata o deportación rápida

Quà © es la expulsià ³n inmediata o deportacià ³n rpida La expulsià ³n inmediata, tambià ©n conocida como deportacià ³n exprà ©s o fast-track permite a las autoridades migratorias expulsar a un migrante de EE.UU. sin que se presente ante un juez y defienda su caso en corte. Con fecha del 22 de julio de 2019, el gobierno de EE.UU. ha autorizado a ICE a deportar siguiendo este mà ©todo a cualquier indocumentado que se encuentre en cualquier punto de Estados Unidos que no pueda demostrar que lleva ms de 2 aà ±os viviendo continuamente en el paà ­s. Esto es un cambio de lo que se venà ­a aplicando, ya que hasta este momento lo ms comà ºn era aplicar la expulsià ³n inmediata, conocida en inglà ©s como expedited removal, a los detenidos en la frontera o arrestados en los 15 dà ­as siguientes a su ingreso y en 100 millas de distancia de la frontera. Causas de  expulsià ³n inmediata o expedited removal Las situaciones en las que se puede ordenar una expulsià ³n inmediata son dos: El extranjero no tiene la documentacià ³n adecuada.  El extranjero ha tergiversado, falseado o presentado informacià ³n falsa para lograr o intentar conseguir un documento, la entrada en EEUU, u otro beneficio bajo las leyes de Inmigracià ³n. En este punto entran situaciones muy distintas, como hacerse pasar por otra persona, se tiene intencià ³n de emigrar a Estados Unidos y se obtuvo una visa de turista diciendo que sà ³lo se querà ­a pasear, etc. Si esta es la causa, las consecuencias pueden ser muy serias. Desde el punto de vista tà ©cnico, son las inadmisibilidades 212(a)(6)(c) -por informacià ³n tergiversada o falsa o lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como material misrepresentation  y la 212 (a)(7).   La expulsià ³n inmediata y dà ³nde se aplica Originalmente, la expulsià ³n inmediata sà ³lo se aplicaba en la frontera. A partir de 2004 se aplicà ³ a aquellas personas que se encuentren hasta 100 millas de cualquier frontera  y que no puedan demostrar que llevan ms de 14 dà ­as continuos en el paà ­s. A partir de estos momentos ICE tiene autorizacià ³n para deportar siguiendo este procedimiento rpido sin necesidad de pasar por Corte a todos los migrantes que no puedan demostrar dos aà ±os seguidos de presencia en EE.UU. La nueva polà ­tica aplica a lo largo y ancho del paà ­s. Aunque en principio los canadienses y los mexicanos no pueden ser expulsados inmediatamente, a menos que tengan un rà ©cord de violaciones migratorias o un historial criminal, en la prctica es muy frecuente que los mexicanos indocumentados detectados tras cruzar la frontera sean retornados  voluntariamente. Excepciones: quià ©nes no pueden ser expulsados inmediatamente en la frontera No pueden ser deportados mediante expulsià ³n inmediata; los menores  los residentes legales las personas que piden asilo y pasan una entrevista miedo de persecucià ³n creà ­ble Consecuencias de una deportacià ³n fast-track Una vez que se es expulsado, no podr regresar a EEUU por un periodo de cinco aà ±os. Adems, es posible que a ese castigo puede que se tenga que sumar el de la causa de  inadmisibilidad. Por ejemplo, si se intentà ³ ingresar con una visa falsa habr el castigo de la expulsià ³n y el de la falsedad. En casos especà ­ficos es posible pedir un perdà ³n, conocido como waiver. Pero tener en cuenta que en muchos casos tendrà ­an que pedirse dos: uno por la expulsià ³n  y otro por la causa de inadmisibilidad. En todo caso, consultar con un abogado ya que los perdones no son fciles de obtener. Otras situaciones que se pueden producir en una frontera de EEUU Ya que son frecuentes las expulsiones en la frontera a continuacià ³n se detallan otras situaciones que pueden darse en la misma: Se le dice al extranjero que se vaya. Esto sà ³lo sucede si se llega a pie o en auto. Son casos excepcionales y, en realidad, muy beneficiosos para la persona. Ejemplo, si se est casado con un ciudadano americano y se est en un proceso de ajuste de estatus  y se sale de EEUU y cuando se quiere regresar no se tiene en mano el advance parole porque se ha olvidado. En este caso la persona debe irse, buscar su documento y proceder a ingresar con toda la documentacià ³n en regla. Se da un parole. Es decir, se le deja entrar pero tiene que seguir una tramitacià ³n para poner al dà ­a la situacià ³n. Retirada de la aplicacià ³n Conocida como withdawal of application,  en inglà ©s). Aquà ­ el inspector de Inmigracià ³n autoriza al extranjero a retirar su peticià ³n de admisià ³n a los Estados Unidos. Se tendr que regresar a su paà ­s,  pero no hay expulsià ³n inmediata  (lo cual es una gran ventaja porque como se ha dicho la expulsià ³n acarrea un castigo de cinco aà ±os). En los casos de retirada de la aplicacià ³n se puede  solicitar una visa al consulado. Puede que no la apruebe, pero se sabr ms de la razà ³n y cul es el problema. (Puede ser algo tan simple como que no se puede probar satisfactoriamente que no hay intencià ³n de emigrar a Estados Unidos,trabajar sin los debidos papeles,  de tener lazos econà ³micos y familiares suficientemente fuertes en el paà ­s de residencia,  etc).   Por lo tanto, si a una persona no le dejan ingresar a EEUU lo primero que debe hacer es saber si fue expulsada o si es un caso de retirada de la aplicacià ³n.  Para ello mirar el pasaporte o/y la copia de un documento que posiblemente se ha firmado. Caso especial del Programa de exencià ³n de visa  (Visa Waiver Program, en inglà ©s) Los ciudadanos de paà ­ses en ese programa, entre los que se encuentran chilenos y espaà ±oles, pueden entrar como turistas o en visita de negocios en EEUU por un mximo de 90 dà ­as sin necesidad de pedir una visa. Si no salen del paà ­s al transcurrir los tres meses habrn violado su estatus migratorio y podrà ­an  ser deportados sin audiencia judicial y sin derecho a apelacià ³n. En otras palabras, pueden ser objeto de una expulsià ³n inmediata. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Money Transactions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

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Role of Government in Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Role of Government in Economy - Essay Example This was done for the protection of the interests of the investors and capitalists of that time because the newly born country was not in a position to support its economy on its own and the confidence of the investors had to be built up. The strategy was successful and was the most significant factor behind the rapid economic growth of the country in the immediate years after the War of Independence. However such a strategy could not have lasted forever and therefore during the later part of the 19th century farmer and labour movements started to emerge in different parts of the country in protesting about the oppressive behaviors of the investors and capitalists. Under these circumstances, government had to change its strategy and with the emergence of the first labor union in 1820’s the government started intervening in the economic affairs of the country. The emergence and establishment of labor unions in the country was a significant factor in bringing about a revolution in the economic life of the country (Danny). These changing conditions resulted in the formulation of an educated middle class in the country which forced the government to introduce regulations in the business practices in order to ensure the provision of rights to the employees, establishment of free market economy and to ensure quality control. The Sherman Antitrust Act which ensured the presence of competition in the market by barring large enterprises from establishing a monoply in a single industry and the Interstate Commerce Act, a regulatory mechanism for the railroad industry which required the railroad fares to be kept within a reasonable range, are two of the very first pieces of legilation completed by the congress regarding the economy of the country. These acts were enforced as laws during the years of the progressive Republican President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909). President Roosevelt was of the opinion that the rapid economic progress of the country has made it m andatory for the government to introduce regulatory mechanisms regarding commerce, industry, finance, planning and economics. Therefore a number of regulatory bodies and institutions were formed during Roosevelt’s and President Wilson’s years in the office. These include Federal Trade Commission, Food and Drug Administration and Interstate Commerce Commission. In response to the Great Depression, the government of President Franklin D. Roosevelt came up with the idea of three Rs; Relief, Recovery and Reform. This strategy required the government to directly involve in the economy of the country and thus during the implementation of the New Deal, an era of rapid economic reforms in the country, government’s involvement in the economy of the country reached its peak (Fishback). The idea of public welfare was practically adopted by the government in the New Deal era and many important laws which govern the economy of the country today were formulated during this ti me. The government started patronizing labor unions and the standards for minimum salaries and fixed working hours were established during this tim

Bilingual Education Essay Example for Free

Bilingual Education Essay A deeper sense of xenophobia has descended on America recently. The sleepy rural town of Pahrump, NV, reflected this animosity when it passed an ordinance that made English the official language and made it illegal to display foreign flags without an accompanying American flag (Curtis, 2006). In an act of civil disobedience, two Pahrump residents placed a Polish flag and an Italian flag (in reference to their own ancestry) on their front porch (Curtis, 2006). Vandals drenched the Italian flag with eggs overnight (the Italian flag looks similar to the Mexican flag). A majority of the voting citizens of Pahrump would eventually overturn the polarizing ordinance. This incident reflects a salient truth: many monolingual Americans feel uncomfortable with the influx of Spanish-speaking peoples because of the perceived lack of assimilation by Hispanics. This xenophobic atmosphere has trickled onto the realm of education: a movement for the elimination of bilingual education in public schools has gained more attention recently. Proponents argue that using native languages in the classroom impedes national unity (Brisk, 1998). Others feel that bilingual education impedes learning. This research paper examines a possible cause of the anti-bilingual movement. It also examines some arguments and counter arguments of bilingual education. Although by definition bilingual education may include English and any foreign language, this paper focuses on the Spanish-speaking population because of the perception many have about the Hispanic community: that it resists conforming to American culture. Such sentiments have contributed to the anti-bilingual education movement that has descended in many parts of America. This is unfortunate because bilingual education programs actually promote assimilation into mainstream American society. Bilingual Education 3 The bilingual education debate, as mentioned in the introductory paragraph, has garnished more dialogue lately because of another hot button issue; immigration. Newscasts often flash images of â€Å"illegal aliens† crossing our borders. Many talk shows often feature lively debates concerning effects of the undocumented workforce. The immigration debate finally sparked a massive protest in 20006 with the â€Å"Day Without an Immigrant† boycott that would affect American schools and businesses (Lendon, 2006). The topic of bilingual education has inevitably entered the debate. Editorial writers often slip in their stances on bilingual education when discussing immigration issues. Pugnacious talk show hosts such as Rush Limbaugh often host acidic debates on bilingualism in the United States. This issue will certainly not evaporate any time soon. What many opponents of bilingual education fail to mention is that there is an elephant in the room: xenophobia. Many monolingual citizens fear that American culture as they know it is morphing into something foreign. Considering America’s rich, colorful immigrant history, this fear baffles the mind. Why would the descendants of Poles, Germans, Czechs, Italians, and other European immigrants express such concerns? Critics of America’s evolving culture should focus on the similarities between the immigrants of their ancestors and the plight of today’s average immigrant. Many of America’s ancestors landed on our shores at the turn of the 20th century (Calderon, Slavin, 2001). Their European ancestors, like today’s immigrants, had the same dreams that many of today’s immigrants have: to escape the abyss of poverty or war. Although many immigrants faced linguistic and cultural obstacles, many witnessed their children succeed in school and acquire economic security. According to Calderon and Slaven Bilingual Education 4 (2001), â€Å"School is the ladder by which children of immigrants climb out of poverty and into mainstream society† (p. 8). The goal of the immigrants of yesteryear was clearly to assimilate by means of a quality education. If education is a major ingredient for assimilation of immigrants into mainstream society, then society should embrace bilingual education. A starting point is literacy, since reading cuts across all academic subjects. An effective strategy involves using a child’s native language in literacy instruction. We generally acquire reading skills by reading (Smith, 1994). By providing a child with reading material in his/her primary language, we provide the student with a healthier, stronger academic base from which to build on. Once a child acquires these basic skills such as identifying phonic blends in his/her mother tongue, the student digests the given topic easier. Equipped with reading and content knowledge skills, the transition into literacy in a second language then becomes smoother for the English language learner. Truly, a child’s native language is the best initial medium of instruction (Brisk,1998). I did not realize how important using a child’s native language was until I experienced an obstacle with a native Spanish speaker several years ago. Using only English, I was trying to teach a student fresh from Mexico the concept of active and linking verbs. I soon realized that she had never learned these basics about her own native language, let alone grammar of the English language. I soon resorted to teaching her grammar in Spanish. After she mastered the subject, I transitioned what she learned into the initial English lesson that I had tried teaching her earlier. This experience lends credence to the point that scholars make: children still have a lot to learn about their Bilingual Education 5 native tongue upon entering American schools (Brisk, 1998). Despite the fact that research supports using native languages as a tool for literacy, many continue their resistance to bilingual education; they argue for an all-English atmosphere in schools. An indirect but serious consequence of this approach is the psychological effect it may have on many Latinos. Many agree that language is a key component of every culture (Blanc, 2000). By discouraging Spanish from the classroom, the limited English proficient (LEP) student may feel that his or her native language or culture has less value than the mainstream culture. This may produce a sense of inferiority in the mind of many Hispanics and may cause strife among different ethnicities. Ironically, this moves many Latinos away from the assimilation ideal, which opponents of bilingual education do not want. In addition to affecting the morale of the LEP community, eliminating bilingual education programs may increase the already sky-high Hispanic high school drop-out rate. Lack of academic success is one reason Hispanic youths quit school (Lockwood, 1996). By removing their limited access to research-based programs such as bilingual education, they may suffer even less academic success. Eventually, this may produce a Hispanic community full of low-skilled, poorly educated people. In other words, it may produce a subclass. Again, this moves Hispanics away from the assimilation goal cherished by many Americans. Regardless of the benefits of bilingual education, anti-bilingual sentiments continue percolating. Some resort to using other Latinos as a means for obtaining their anti-bilingual agenda. Some cite Richard Rodriguez’s In Hunger of Memory: the Bilingual Education 6 Education of Richard Rodriguez as a case against bilingual education (Krashen, 2007). Rodriguez, a Mexican immigrant, enjoyed great academic success and assimilated into American society despite the lack of bilingual education. Some average Hispanics parallel Rodriquez’s anti-bilingual education stances. Forty-three-year-old waitress Ana Julia Duncan, daughter of Mexican nationals, received minimal bilingual services in the third grade (personal communication). Despite this fact, academically she performed moderately well (personal communication). Because of her success in school, Duncan feels that bilingualism has little value: â€Å"I didn’t speak English when I started school. I did OK. Why can’t anybody else do OK? † Unfortunately, her way of thinking strikes a familiar chord with other Latinos in her same situation. The Rodriquez and Duncan stories seem to act as support for the elimination of bilingual education. However, neither person represent the average, modern English language learner. In Rodriquez’s case, he grew up in a predominately white neighborhood (Kreshen, 2007). As a result, he was exposed to the English language a lot more than the average Spanish speaker. Since a child’s socio-cultural environment plays a major role in his or her intellectual development (Gregory, 2004), Rodriguez’s success should not surprise many. His peers, in essence, acted as quasi-tutors. Duncan’s situation parallels Rodriguez’s upbringing: she too grew up in a mainly white neighborhood (personal communication). Therefore she too received informal training or input from her peers. A majority of Hispanic LEP students, by contrast, live in predominately Spanish-speaking neighborhoods and lack the advantages Rodriguez and Duncan had as children (Kreshen, 2007). Bilingual Education 7 Despite the flaws in using Rodriguez and Duncan as microcosms in the bilingual education debate, some nevertheless insist in a total immersion approach in our schools. Although total immersion has no credible supporting evidence (Crawford, 2007), from a personal point of view, it does have a tinge of value. I had virtually no English-speaking skills as a very young child. My parents were Mexican nationals; my father worked at the post office while my mother stayed at home with the children. Thus, I had virtually no exposure to English. Upon entering my predominantly white kindergarten class in 1970, I realized that I was basically on my own since there were no other Latino children in that particular class. However, this sink or swim situation had a benefit. Within a year, I spoke conversational English. By the first grade, I became fairly fluent in English and would earn average grades. In my opinion, total immersion did play a role in my acquiring salient English skills. Unfortunately, by the time I reached the second grade, I felt as if I lost a part of my identity: I lost a good deal of my native language. I forgot some major Spanish vocabulary words, I started having trouble pronouncing many polysyllabic words, and I had developed a slight gringo accent. Mexican children noticed this and would often make fun of my awkward Spanish. To make things worse, my English skills still needed improvement. The presence of bilingual education may have prevented some of my linguistic obstacles by helping me maintain a healthy language base in both English and Spanish. Luckily, some of my teachers noticed my problem and placed me in a bilingual program along with three other students. One was in the same situation as myself; the Bilingual Education 8 other two were predominately proficient in Spanish who lacked major English skills. The bilingual teacher helped us maintain our strengths and helped correct our weaknesses by using our native language as a medium for instruction. By the end of the school year, I felt more confident. This research paper starts out with an anecdote that depicts a rural Nevada town struggling with xenophobia; it had voted in an English-only ordinance. Then, a connection between xenophobia in America and the anti-bilingual education movement is unveiled. Despite the fact that some school districts have pupils from as many as 130 different countries (Crawford, 2004), this paper focuses on the Spanish speaking English language learner because of a major criticism the Hispanic community endures; that it resists assimilation into the mainstream American culture. A â€Å"solution† for the this problem is the elimination of bilingual education programs in public schools. Proponents claim this would strengthen national unity. However, as this research paper demonstrates, purging such programs would actually gear the Hispanic English language learner away from assimilation, not towards it. If many opponents of bilingualism have their way, American schools will eventually have a monolithic, cookie-cutter approach to teaching its student population. In the United States, a country made from a rich tapestry of immigrants, this scenario would be very un-American. Bilingual Education 9 References Blanc, M. H. A. , Hamers, J. (2000). Bilinguality and Bilingualism. England : Cambridge University Press. Summary: This book is a very elevated, academic piece of work. It provides the reader with a guideline to language behavior, tools to measure levels of bilingualism, and addresses bilingual development. Other areas the book concentrates on include the cognitive development of the bilingual mind, and the cognitive consequences of the bilingual behavior. Brisk, M. E. (1998) Bilingual Education: From Compensatory to Quality Education. Mahway, New Jersey: Cambridge University Press. Summary: This book examines the traditional debates about bilingual education. It also examines influences, both internal and external, on the bilingual student’s education. The author presents strategies for implementing quality bilingual services. Calderon, M. , Slavin, R. (2001). Effective Programs for Latino Students. Mahway, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Summary: This book highlights programs that have worked well for the Hispanic population. It also addresses the unacceptable high drop-out rate of Latino high school students. The book goes a step further by unveiling the needs of higher-education for Hispanics, an area that has received relatively little attention. The authors also explain why many Latinos are at risk in America. Curtis, Lynette. (2006, Nov. 15). Pahrump Targets Illegal Immigrants. The Las Vegas Review Journal. Curtis, Lynette. (2006, Nov. 23). Backlash: Pahrump flag ban won’t fly. The Las Vegas Review Journal. Lockwood, A. T. Caring, Community, and Personalization: Strategies to Combat the Hispanic Dropout Problem. (1996). Advances in Hispanic Education, 1. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Education. Summary: This book focuses on the dangerously real issue of the Latino dropout issue. T Gregory, E. , Long, S. , Volk. (2004). Many Pathways to Literacy: Young Children Learning with Siblings, Grandparents, Peers, and Communities. New York: Routledge Falmer. Summary: This book looks at literacy, including bilingual literacy, using a sociocultural approach. It taps into the family structure in various ethnic groups. The book addresses bilingual education in the home and highlights the benefits of this strategy. The authors unveil the importance of using cultural norms as a means to teach literacy (such as story-telling). Another aspect of this piece is its assessment of children’s everyday life experience and how that impacts learning. On a personal note, this book didn’t really catch my eye at first because it didn’t focus on Hispanics specifically. I am happy that I finally opened it up because I was able to see some parallels between the Hispanic experiences and other ethnic groups. Krashen, Stephen. ( 1997). Why Bilingual Education? Eric Digest. Retrieved April 4, 2006 from http://www. ericdigests. org/1997-3/bilingual. html. Lendon, Brad. (2006, May 1). US prepares for ‘A Day Without an Immigrant. ’ Retrieved on April 4, 2007, from http://www. cnn. com/2006/US/04/28/boycott/ Smith, F. (1994). Understanding reading: A psycholinguistic analysis of reading and learning to read (5th ed. ). Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum. .

My Friend, Chris Essay -- essays research papers

There are many people in this world who hold great reputations. There are far fewer people who posess great character. A reputation is built in just moments, and reflects what you do in front of people. Character, on the other hand, is built over years, and is reflected in what is unseen by others. Of all of my friends, one exemplifies great character more than any of the others. His name is Chris. Chris stands a little over 6 feet tall with thick, dirty blonde hair. His piercing blue eyes change color in the sunlight. He is very light complected, with a small amount of facial hair on the base of his chin. His long sideburns grow down the length of his ear. He is one of those adventurous guys who does things that I would never dream of doing. Realizing that life is short, his ambition is to make the most out of life that he possibly can. Chris has influenced me more than any other person on the campus. He did this by making me believe in who I really am.  « Always remember that life is what you make of it. You have the chance to become whatever you desire – it’s a gift that God gives you,  » he told me once.  «Some people spend their lives blaming others for their problems. Its far better to spend time and energy searching for answers -- instead of pointing fingers.  »   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of his great attributes is shown in the fact that he tries to cheer people up and make them laugh while they are experiencing great emotional stress or pain. He is known to play some great practical jokes on friends just to brighten their day. He once called a friend who was going through some personal problems and told him that he was being investigated by the Humane Society for animal cruelty. Chris even involved many of his fellow workers in the joke. Unfortunately, they forgot to tell the man that they were joking! Later that night, he remembered to explain to the man about the joke. Fearing that his friend would be upset, he sheepishly told him about his little endeavor. The man, instead of being angry, showed great relief. He even thanked Chris for what he did. The man said that it made him realize how unimportant his problems really were.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚ « I guess that I did go a little too far with that one,  « He said.  «But in the end, it all sort of worked out for the good -- thank God !  » While he has an incredible sense of humor, ... ...s of this world.  » This world is not his home, but a place where he can be a servant to those around him. Even during difficult times, he considers his weakness a strength.  « The Bible says that God’s grace is sufficient for us, because his strength is made perfect in weakness,  » he explained.  « I believe that God comes through for us when we can’t come through for ourselves. It gives God a chance to demonstrate the power of his great love.  » Because of such displays of true christian character, Chris has influenced me throughout my freshman year of college more than anyone else. He has made me learn that anyone can turn their life around -- if they would only rely on Jesus Christ and surrender their will to him. Chris believes that with all of his heart. Every once and a while, you meet one of those special people that you will remember throughout your entire life. These type of people are natural born leaders. They are builders, not of just brick and mortar, but of the human heart. They build you up when others tear you down. Just when you feel like giving up on society, someone does something that shows that there are still great people out there. Chris is one of those people.

Course ouline

What should the nurse suspect when hourly assessment of urine output on a vasoconstriction patient exhibits a urine output from a catheter of 1 ,500 ml for 2 consecutive hours? A) Cunning's syndrome B) Syndrome of inappropriate antipathetic hormone (SHAD) C) Adrenal crisis D) Diabetes insipid 2. The PACIFIC staff have brought a patient to the unit following a tracheotomy. To promote comfort for this patient, how should the nurse position this patient? A) Side-lying (lateral) with one pillow under the head Head of the bed elevated 30 degrees and no pillows placed under the head C)Semi-Fowlers with the head supported on two pillows Flat, with a small roll supporting the neck 3. The nurse is caring for a patient with Addition's disease. The patient is scheduled for discharge in the morning. When teaching the patient about hormone replacement, the nurse instructs that too low a dose may be indicated by what? A) Weight gain Dizziness Increase in systolic blood pressure Headache 4. A patie nt is prescribed corticosteroid therapy. What would be important information for the nurse to give the patient who is prescribed corticosteroid therapy? A)The patient's diet should be low protein with ample fat. There will be no change in appearance. The patient is at an increased risk for developing infection. D) The patient is at a decreased risk for development of thermoplastics and thrombosis's. 5. The nurse is performing a shift assessment on a patient with alterations. A sign that the patient's condition is not yet controlled would be: A) Anural Algeria Polaris Proteins 6. The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperthyroidism's. What level of activity would the nurse expect the health care provider to order? A) Complete bed restBed rest with bathroom privileges Out of bed (BIB) to the chair twice a day Ambulation and activity, as tolerated 7. A patient has returned to the floor after having a tracheotomy for thyroid cancer. The nurse knows that sometimes during thyroid surger y the parathyroid glands can be injured or removed. What laboratory finding may be an early indication of parathyroid gland injury or removal? A) Hypothermia Hypothermia's Hypoglycemia Hypoglycemia 8. The nurse caring for a patient with Cunning's syndrome is teaching the patient about the documentations suppression test scheduled for tomorrow.What does the nurse explain that this test will involve? A) Administration of documentations orally, followed by a plasma cortical level every hour for 3 hours B) Administration of documentations intravenously, followed by an X-ray of the adrenal glands C) Administration of documentations orally at 11 PM, and a plasma cortical level at 8 AM the next morning D) Administration of documentations intravenously, followed by a plasma cortical level 3 hours after the drug is administered 9. The home care nurse is conducting patient teaching with a patient beginning corticosteroid therapy.To achieve consistency with the body's natural secretion of cort ical, when would the home care nurse instruct the patient to take her corticosteroid medication? A) In the evening between 4 PM and 6 PM Prior to going to sleep at night At noon every day In the early morning between 7 AM and 8 AM 10. A patient presents at the walk-in clinic complaining of diarrhea and vomiting. The patient has a history of adrenal insufficiency. Considering the patient's history and current symptoms, what would the nurse instruct the patient? A) Increase his intake of sodium until the gastrointestinal symptoms improve B)Increase his intake of potassium until the gastrointestinal symptoms improve C) Increase his intake of glucose until the gastrointestinal symptoms improve D) Increase his intake of calcium until the gastrointestinal symptoms improve 11. An adult patient has undergone extensive testing that has resulted in a diagnosis of a basophilic pituitary tumor. The photographically effects of the patient's tumor include excessive secretion of traditionalistic h ormone (CATCH). As a result, this patient is likely to exhibit signs and symptoms that are characteristic of what endocrine disorder? A)Addition's disease Cunning's disease Hyperthyroidism 12. A patient has been admitted to an acute medical unit with a diagnosis of diabetes insipid with a neurotic etiology. When planning this patient's care, what diagnosis should be the nurse's most likely priority? A) Fluid volume deficit related to increased urine output Acute confusion related to alterations in electrolytes Altered nutrition: less than body requirements related to decreased intake D) Risk for injury related to decreased level of consciousness 13. A 24-year-old male patient is being cared for in the intensive care unit following a tricycle accident.In addition to musculoskeletal injuries, he has developed syndrome of inappropriate antipathetic hormone (SHAD) from the traumatic head injury. Which of the following imbalances is consistent with this diagnosis? A) Hyperemia Hyperglyce mia's Hypoglycemia 14. A nurse practitioner is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of hypothyroidism and regularly encourages many patients to undergo screening of their thyroid secreting hormone (TTS) levels. Which of the following individuals likely faces the greatest risk of developing hypothyroidism? A)A 49-year-old man who works in an iron smelter A 55-year-old woman who complains of fatigue A 30-year-old man with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes A 71 -year-old man who has experienced nausea and vomiting secondary to influenza 15. A middle-aged female patient has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and admitted to the hospital for treatment. When providing care for this patient, the nurse should prioritize: A) Vigilant monitoring of intake and output Teaching the patient about the pathologically of the disease C) Performing constant blood sugar monitoring Providing a calm, low-stimulation environment 16.In planning the care of a patient who has hyperthyroidism, the nurs e has identified the nursing diagnosis of altered nutrition: less than body requirements. What intervention is the best response to this diagnosis? A) Arrange for the patient to be assessed for the possible use of internal nutrition. B) Provide the patient with a low-fat, high-protein diet. Provide several small meals each day for the patient. Teach the patient to eat each meal slowly and methodically. 17. A patient who is receiving treatment for hyperthyroidism is being monitored closely by the care team.When observing this patient for signs and symptoms of thyroid tort (trichinosis's), the nurse should prioritize which of the following assessments? A) Temperature and heart rate Deep tendon reflexes and peripheral pulses Pain and level of consciousness (LOC) Assessment for visual and auditory disturbances 18. A 50-year-old male patient has been admitted to the postcolonial unit from the PACIFIC after having a total tracheotomy. The nurse is now conducting an admission assessment an d planning the patient's subsequent care.When providing this patient's care, the nurse should emphasize which of the following actions? A) Changing the patient's surgical dressing as ordered Monitoring and treating the patient's pain Maintaining the patient's fluid status Protecting the patient's airway 19. The nurse is closely monitoring the blood work of a patient who has a diagnosis of primary hyperthyroidism's. The nurse should be aware that the fluid and electrolyte disturbances associated with this disease create a significant risk of what problems?A) Fluid volume overload and purists Metabolic acidosis and cardiac schemas Renal calculi and urinary obstruction Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism 20. A patient who is postoperative day 1 following neck dissection surgery has rung his all bell complaining of numb fingers, stiff hands, and a tingling sensation in his lips and around his mouth. The nurse should anticipate that this patient may require the IV administration of: A) Potassium chloride Calcium calculate Magnesium sulfate Sodium phosphate 21.A 42-year-old man with a history of phosphorescently is being treated in the intensive care unit after experiencing an acute exacerbation of his condition. This patient will require the nurse to perform which of the following assessments most frequently? A) Motor and sensory function Orientation and cognition Urine testing for commonality Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate A patient has been taking oral corticosteroids for several weeks to a treat a chronic inflammatory skin condition.When performing health education with this patient, the nurse should emphasize the need to: A) Supplement the corticosteroids with nonessential anti-inflammatory drugs (Nasals) Avoid stopping the drug abruptly Take the drug only during an acute exacerbation of the condition D) Monitor fluid intake and output for the duration of treatment A nurse is preparing an IV dose of hydrochemistry that is to be administered to an du ll patient on an acute medical unit. The endocrine disorder for which this treatment is most clearly indicated is: A) 24.A nurse in a large university hospital has cared for several patients with endocrine disorders over the past year. For which of the following patients would a nursing diagnosis of disturbed body image be most likely applicable? A) A man who was treated for Washington's thyroids A woman with a longstanding diagnosis of Cunning's syndrome A woman whose diagnosis of Graves' disease required radioactive iodine therapy D) A man who was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism after neck surgery 25.

Personal and Team Effectiveness – Motivation

Personal and Team Effectiveness is a big topic and I, personally think that motivation is very important in the business world. I think it is a must to provide motivation for the workers. If the workers are more motivated to complete the task, it can increase the productivity and effectiveness of the company. This is the reason why we all want to motivate our workers to exert their best effort. Not only in the business world, is motivation everywhere.Parents always motivate their children to study hard by offering small presents. For example, I remember when I was young, my parents often rewarded me by visiting Ocean Park if I achieved good results in the exams. This worked and I was motivated to study harder and harder as I really wanted to go to Ocean Park. It is the same in the business world. If we want to motivate the employees to improve their performance, we have to give them some rewards.For example, the Incentive Compensation Program implemented in some companies has good ef fects. In this program, workers who have excellent performance can be rewarded a certain amount of bonus. Apart from bonus, I think good welfare systems, good working environment, good relationship with colleagues are ways to motivate the workers. All the above motivation we have talked about is extrinsic. It is provided by the third party, i. e. comes from outside of the individual.Besides extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation is also a way to motivate the workers. This refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task itself, and exists within the individual rather than relying on any external source. In fact, people who are intrinsically motivated are more likely to improve their skills, and hence the performance. In my childhood, apart from my parents’ reward systems, I was also motivated by myself.I liked Mathematics so I put much effort on it and did a lot of Mathematics exercise. This was due to my own interest. In the workplace, if the w orkers enjoy the task, they will exert their best effort in order to achieve excellent. No matter it is about studies or careers, intrinsic motivation is important. To conclude, motivation is everywhere in the world. If we want to achieve better results, it is a must for us to think about what motivation can be applied. If people are more motivated, they perform much better.

College Essay Writing

College Essay Writing College Essay Writing To sum up, the introductory paragraph briefly outlines the topic, methodology, and structure of good college essay. In order to check whether you have written an informative introductory paragraph, you should ask yourself the following questions: "What" is the essay all about? "How," i.e., with what method, do I approach the college essay topic? "When" in the course of the essay am I dealing with subtopics? If you are able to answer the questions "what," "how," and "when" while reading college essay introduction, you definitely have a thesis statement which informs an essay reader about the choice of your subject matter, your methodological approach, and the sequence of arguments. If you are not self-reliant and you are not sure that you can write your English college essay, it may be a good idea to take advantages of college essay online help! In this case, professional online college essay help is appropriate for students who lack profound writing skills and have no time. College Paper Writing Every subsequent paragraph or section of the main part of your essay should be a self-contained argument that develops one particular aspect of the general topic. It is crucial for every paragraph to have a topic sentence which highlights the main idea of the paragraph and establishes a connection with the overall topic of the college essay writing (i.e., the thesis statement). The proper placement of a paragraph within the structure of the entire English essay is equally important. The sequence of the individual paragraphs should be logical and comply with the sequence of argumentation that you established in your "road map." Writing College Essay Smoothly leading the essay reader through your arguments, you ensure the logic of your college essay. One of the cornerstones of lucid writing is general single-sentence paragraphs. If every sentence of your academic essay forms a paragraph of its own, you have to improve the organization and logical structure of your text. This can be achieved by uniting single sentences into units of thought with identifiable topic sentences. 1 Does the paragraph develop a single, coherent aspect of the overall topic or argument? 2 Does the paragraph begin and end with smooth transitions? 3 Is the paragraph positioned correctly within the English college essay? You are welcome to order professional custom essay writing help on our site! We will deliver custom written college essay prior to deadline. We guarantee unlimited revisions and free plagiarism report. Do not miss this chance to improve your grades on college essays without any efforts. In addition, you may order professional essay editing services and get a polished paper in a couple of hours! Read also: Free Essay Editing Essay Company Need a Professional Essay Editing Essay Service Write My Essay for Me

Custom Admission Essay

Custom Admission Essay Custom Admission Essay Custom Admission Essay Writing Online Our Essay writing service is a team of academicians. We offer professional custom essays writing services. We are able to perform for you winning custom admission essays on any topics. Custom admission essay, written by an experienced writer, will help you to gather additionally missing points in your grades. This surely increases your chance to enter the desirable college. Our team wrote hundreds of college admission essays, and they are all creative and touching. Reading your essay admission, the officer can hear your voice. The admission officer will be marveling, and ask you to read your essay writing again and again. Custom admission essay Reading custom admission essays, written by our specialists, is like returning to a good book and discovering a deeper nuance: Ordering custom entrance essay writing, you can be surely ready to occupy the first place within the best admission essays, presented by other students! We have known many students, who had to wait until the following year to apply to a graduate school because they just could not manage the essay task. It is really a problem, however, you are lucky as you can take advantages of our service and buy winning admission essays writing. Sample admission essays College entrance essay on the topic: Why Is University of Pennsylvania Good for Me? I love it here were the words I heard as a voice echoed away. My head quickly turned to see who it was, and I caught sight of a small figure jogging into the distance. A brown, busy ponytail bobbed up and down, and the red and blue P on the back gradually grew smaller and smaller. Yeah, sure I thought. You haven't spent two hours in the car smashed between your two sisters. When I got out of the car to take a deep breath and to stretch, my mother looked around and noticed tennis courts. Look, Sherice! You can play tennis in the afternoon. Do you see all the people jogging? You'd always have someone to work out with. As I looked around, I realized she was right. Although it was early on a Saturday morning, you would never know it. Scattered like ants, people were jogging with Walkmans and proudly wearing PENNT-shirts. Those walking were laughing and talking, like carefree birds flying in the sky. This is what I first remember of PENN Custom Admission Essay Assistance! Be With Us! So, dear students and all visitors of our web site! You may ask our help to write the most brilliant admission essays for you if you order your assignment at our site. Our experienced writers have learned many secrets of writing during last 8 years of our work; therefore, you may be confident they present you the best results! Interesting topics: My Dissertation Term Schools Papers about Gospel Music Islamic Religion Term Paper Business Ethics Paper Term Topics for a Research Paper

Risk management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Risk management - Essay Example Information about risk communication, and how it helps in the dimension of psychological understanding of risk is included to the paper. The problem of different risk regarding in cycling by different people is raised in the paper. The last section includes concluding response to this problem. The method used is particularized examination of the literature together with the critical summarizing and personal inferences on the topic. It is a widely known fact that every day people engage in some situations that are more or less predetermined risk possibility (Adams, 1995). It depends from person’s occupation, way of life, social environment and many other factors. Still, a big importance hides in person’s perception and understanding of risk. Moreover, relation to risk situations and appropriate communication stay the ground for the risk management. If to talk about the definition of risk in the field of science, we may observe different investigations concerning this term. Rosa (2003) argues that risk is â€Å"a situation or event where something of human value (including humans themselves) is at stake and where the outcome is uncertain†. In other words it is the potential to lose something valuable for the peculiar person. Hazard comes close to the risk theories and this term is defined as some condition with the potential to induce deplorable implications in the risk situations (HSA, 2014). The problem under investigation is the cyclists (push bike riders) and probability of risk in concern to this occupation. The statistic data demonstrates that cycling is rather save occupation in relation to other kind of sports and bicycle is determined as not dangerous vehicle for transporting people. Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Centre (2012) stays the data that â€Å"in 2012, 726 lost their lives in bicycle/motor vehicle crashes, just under two people

Application of Jacques Lacan's theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Application of Jacques Lacan's theories - Essay Example This movement took place mostly in France and gathered such bright and original thinkers as Lacan, Foucault, Althusser, Poulantzas and others. This movement had more an ideological than an organisational nature because all of its participants had a particular individuality and independent way in science, so, they denied their affiliation to the Structuralism. Jacques-Marie Emile Lacan took up the study of medicine in 1920 and specialised in psychiatry from 1926. He undertook his own analysis around this time with Rudolph Loewenstein and this continued until 1938. Lacan was very active in the world of Parisian writers, artists and intellectuals of the time: he was a friend of Andr Breton, Salvador Dal and Pablo Picasso, and attended the mouvement Psych founded by Maryse Choisy. Several of his articles were published in the Surrealist journal Minotaure and he was present at the first public reading of James Joyce's Ulysses. In his studies he had a particular interest in the philosophic work of Karl Jaspers and Martin Heidegger and, alongside many other Parisian intellectuals of the time, he also attended the famous seminars on Hegel given by Alexandre Kojve. France had not proved the most favo... Lacan was very active in the world of Parisian writers, artists and intellectuals of the time: he was a friend of Andr Breton, Salvador Dal and Pablo Picasso, and attended the mouvement Psych founded by Maryse Choisy. Several of his articles were published in the Surrealist journal Minotaure and he was present at the first public reading of James Joyce's Ulysses. In his studies he had a particular interest in the philosophic work of Karl Jaspers and Martin Heidegger and, alongside many other Parisian intellectuals of the time, he also attended the famous seminars on Hegel given by Alexandre Kojve. France had not proved the most favourable testing-ground for Freud's theories. In 1907 Freud wrote to Jung of the difficulties the psychoanalytic movement had in making any headway there. He put this down to the national character, observing that 'it has always been hard to import things into France. The difficulty experienced by psychoanalysis was greatly increased by the fact that it was simultaneously perceived as Teutonic and Jewish, and was thus subject both to anti-German and to anti-semitic prejudice which were strong in French intellectual circles. It was in this atmosphere that Jacques Lacan developed his own theoretical system. Given the strength of the prevailing cultural chauvinism it is perhaps not surprising that Lacan should have begun by importing into psychoanalysis concepts which had been formulated in a completely different framework and whose originator neither intended nor imagined that they would eventually be married to the theories of Freud. Lacan presented his first analytic paper on the 'Mirror Phase' at the 1936 Congress of the International

Principles of Organisational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Principles of Organisational Behaviour - Essay Example It is necessary that every employee realizes his or her contribution in the organization’s work and image. Motivation comes from within the person. Motivational factors could be implanted by the management externally; however the employee has to feel the urge himself. Hence it is a process to create the urge and define the path for him or her. Clarity of goals gives idea to the person what he is striving for. The real challenge for a manager lies in defining the path. If the goal is too difficult, it will give the air of impossibility and is discarded by the employee. On the contrary, if it is too lenient then it loses the attraction of challenge. Apart from this the manager needs to have a clear idea about the role every individual plays in the team to align his goals with those of team. A well-defined job description gives a clear idea of specific job roles, responsibilities. Group level – Leadership Leadership in an organization comes at various levels. It starts at one to one level, progresses to team level and then assumes the overall macro level of leading the organization. All the three aspects contribute to an employee’s growth in an organization. Appropriate leadership at appropriate level benefits not only the team but also the development of the organization as well. ... vides direction with the help of well-defined goals and structured path, which is further broken into objectives for departments, further down to teams and eventually to every individual playing as a team member. Hence it is also imperative that leadership at every level must identify future leaders who could take over further responsibilities of delivering the task to the organization. There should be a great stress on identifying leaders and developing them. It is the only way the human resource can be developed and made competent. Hence identifying leadership competencies is as necessary for a manager as to acquire them. Often it is also noticed that there are two leaders in the organization natural leaders and appointed leaders. Natural leaders tend to get better results. Alternatively appointed leaders could be trained to prove themselves but could be lengthy process. Organizational Level: Organizational culture and climate The culture of a group can now be defined as: A pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, that has worked well enough to be considered valid and therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. (Schein 373-374) (www.soi.org) Organizational climate is the set of characteristics that describe an organization and that distinguishes one organization from other organizations; are relatively enduring over time and influence the behaviour of the  people in the organization  (Forehand & Gilmer, 1964). (http://organizationalclimate.wordpress.com) Although similar, elements of both the concepts have different impact on an employee. Both the definitions state the congeniality in the environment

Teaching Diverse Learners In Any School Environment Education Essay

Teaching Diverse Learners In Any School Environment Education Essay In this course, youll review relevant research, observe video discussions and classroom examples, and do activities on working with learners who are at different levels and who have different learning abilities and approaches. At the end of this course, you will better understand how to identify the various aspects of diversity that affect foreign language learning; and be able to develop strategies for improving the learning of all students in your classroom. You will partake in activities will focus on how to be a leader in your school for diversity, how to assess diversity in your classroom, how to think critically about new ways to teach your curriculum, and how to engage diversity among students. Teachers today gain a broad range of experiences and perspectives through working in public schools today and meet students that differ from them culturally, linguistically, and ethnically. Creating a classroom that caters to these diverse students offers a powerful resource for them to learn more in different ways, in new environments, and with different types of people. Every single teacher in our continuously changing and diverse system has the power to serve as an invaluable resource for all students and peers. Teachers will learn how to become an enabler in the classroom and in their school catering their classroom for all types of students especially because of the growing diversity in U.S. classrooms. The student will be able to: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Use assessment tools to utilize in your class à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gain classroom tips and activities through à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learn best practices à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Create an action plan to increase diversity understanding in your school both in and out of the classroom à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Network with other educators who are concerned with diversity Define and understand disability in the United States Deal with conflict Set up a classroom that caters to diversity Incorporate all types of students Incorporate University Design for Learning Online Learning with Full Instructor Facilitation Our institution maintains an online platform that automatically grades student pre- and post-assessments, monitors their participation in the lecture, and awards them credit when they post in the discussion area. Instructors will monitor the progress and quality of work the students provide, including the threaded discussions, and will provide feedback and evaluate the midterm and final projects. Weekly Online Lecture Assignments: Week 1 Text Reading: Read BUILDING CREATIVITY AND COLLABORATION IN DIVERSE CLASSROOMS Critical Issue: Educating Teachers for Diversity Insensitivity to Physical, Racial, or Ethnic Differences Answer Questions (Open Ended) Describe the cultural, linguistic, and/or ethnic diversity in your classroom. How do you draw on this diversity to promote learning? What learning styles seem to predominate among your students (for example, auditory, visual)? How do you accommodate those learning styles? Watch Video Clips Clip 1: Bank Street College of Education Empowers New Teachers (This old college is teaching aspiring educators new tricks, with a focus on experiential learning, classroom immersion, and mentoring) Clip 2: 10 Big Ideas for Better Classrooms: Striving to Improve Public Education (Using Student examples: Successful examples of key elements in improving public education: Project-Based Learning, Technology Integration, Integrated Studies, Cooperative Learning, Comprehensive Assessment, Emotional Intelligence, Teacher Preparation, Parent Involvement, Community Partners, and Maximize Resources) Clip 3: CREDE Principles Applied to the Re-Invention of Teacher Preparation(Marty Alberg University of Memphis This presentation provides an overview of the application of CREDE principles at three levels: 1.) The University of Memphis teacher preparation classroom; 2.) Middle school classrooms in Memphis, TN through the Three Rs Program; and 3.) The state of Tennessee through the Problem Based Learning component of the Tennessee Board of Regents Teaching Quality Initiative. As do CREDE?based strategies, problem?based approaches to teacher preparation engage pre?service teachers in learning opportunities that challenge their cognitive and problem solving skills; promote learning through cooperation and teamwork; connect teaching with real?world student experiences, skills, and educational needs; and facilitate learning through meaningful, productive activity. Participants will experience problem? based pedagogy through sample cases developed for teacher preparation in Tennessee.) Assignment: Discussion Board: Students must submit one unique comment each week in regards to each of the assigned text reading and reply to a fellow students comments at least twice each week. The comments should relate to the material the text reading discusses. Each comment should be at least three sentences in length. The week ends Sunday at 9:00 p.m. Week 2 Text Reading: Read Linguistic and Cultural Diversity Building on Americas Strengths Preparing teachers for children in poverty: the Nashville district picks up the mantle for qualified instruction in high-needs schools School Leadership and Student Motivation. Answer Questions (Open Ended) If you are familiar with the concepts of the multiple intelligences theory, what steps have you taken to incorporate them in your teaching? In multilevel classes or ones in which proficiency levels are quite varied, how have you differentiated instruction for the range of performance levels? Watch Video Clips Clip 1: Teacher and Student Education In Diversity, part 1 Clip 2: Teacher and Student Education In Diversity, part 2 Clip 3: UDL Guidelines in Practice: Grade 5 Language Arts (A panel of UDL experts takes you inside a diverse urban school to show master teachers applying the principles and guidelines of UDL.) Clip 4: Best Practices through Universal Design for Learning Clip 5: An Introduction to Integrated Studies (Combining academic subjects produces deeper learning and a better understanding of the interrelationships between them) Assignment: Discussion Board: Students must submit one unique comment each week in regards to each of the assigned text reading and reply to a fellow students comments at least twice each week. The comments should relate to the material the text reading discusses. Each comment should be at least three sentences in length. The week ends Sunday at 9:00 p.m. Week 3 Text Reading: Read DIVERSITY AND COMPLEXITY IN THE CLASSROOM Disaggregated Outcomes of Gender, Ethnicity, and Poverty on Fifth Grade Science Performance Educating Students from Generational Poverty: Building Blocks from A to Z Framework for Understanding Poverty Answer Questions (Open Ended) Have you taught special needs students in your classroom? If so, how did you respond to the instructional challenges that they posed? In your experience, how can learning disabilities or learning differences affect learning in a foreign language classroom? What school resources have you found to be helpful when you are faced with making an accommodation that you have not had to make before Watch Video Clips Clip 1: Working With Students From the Culture of Poverty (In their Classroom Instruction That Works research, McREL and Robert Marzano identified nine strategies that can be applied in any learning environment and result in significantly increased student learning. When implemented consistently and correctly, these research-based strategies can provide average percentile point gains as high as 45% on student achievement tests.) Clip 2: Working With Students From the Culture of Poverty 2 (Although most educators are familiar with the Classroom Instruction That Works research, teachers still need help transferring the theory into practice.) Clip 3: Children in Americas Schools clip1 open (Poverty in the classroom) Clip 4: Children In Americas Schools clip2 Poverty (Poverty in the classroom) Clip 5: Children in Americas Schools Clip 3(Poverty in the classroom) Assignment: Discussion Board: Students must submit one unique comment each week in regards to each of the assigned text reading and reply to a fellow students comments at least twice each week. The comments should relate to the material the text reading discusses. Each comment should be at least three sentences in length. The week ends Sunday at 9:00 p.m. Midterm Project Due Week 4 Text Reading: Read Diversity is a Key To Reducing Racial Bias in Schools Diversity Reduces Racial Bias in Schools Strengthening Teacher-student relationships Watch Video Clips Clip 1: High-Performing, High-Poverty Schools Clip 2: Challenging Poverty (Some schools have over 75% of their students living in poverty. Many students are homeless. They may find alternative housing or simply couch hop with friends or relatives) Clip 3: Challenging Teachers (Teachers and students talk about challenges in the classroom.) Clip 4: Challenging Coursework (Students need challenging coursework to prepare them for higher education. High Schools and nonprofits have programs that help lower income students prepare for college.) Clip 5: Challenging System (Minnesota used to be one of the top states in education. That is not true today. And the expectations of what education needs to provide for students futures are more challenging than ever.) Clip 6: Challenging Peers (Peers can help each other succeed or fail. Education is seen by some to be not cool. Some black students feel doing well in school is white so they dont fully participate. Sometimes students can change to a different school or find their own way to succeed.) Assignment: Discussion Board: Students must submit one unique comment each week in regards to each of the assigned text reading and reply to a fellow students comments at least twice each week. The comments should relate to the material the text reading discusses. Each comment should be at least three sentences in length. The week ends Sunday at 9:00 p.m. Week 5 Text Reading: Read When teachers build relationships with students Watch Video Clips Clip 1: Learning on Purpose: Transforming a Good School into a Great School (Wall-to-wall career academies and a transition program for ninth graders have helped create an environment at this Texas high school in which rigorous, relevant education inside and outside of the classroom is the norm for all students.) Clip 2: Teaching Students to Work Together (Integrated curricula, team teaching, and technology tools have built up the academic achievement and self-esteem of these rural Louisiana middle school students.) Clip 3: The Key Learning Community: Cultivating Multiple Intelligences (Swimming against the tide, this K-12 Indianapolis school emphasizes exploration and deep understanding over rote memorization) Clip 4: Principal Derek Pierce on Building Relationships Between Students and Teachers (How a Portland, Maine high school made human relationships the building blocks of high student achievement.) Clip 5: Mr. D TV 1-14-10 Building Relationships With Students Mid-Year (Topic: Reaching out to students you havent built a relationship with. Mr. D TV is a weekly teacher advice vlog from the author of I Want to Teach Forever (teachforever.com). ) Assignment: Discussion Board: Students must submit one unique comment each week in regards to each of the assigned text reading and reply to a fellow students comments at least twice each week. The comments should relate to the material the text reading discusses. Each comment should be at least three sentences in length. The week ends Sunday at 9:00 p.m. Week 6 Text Reading: Read Diversity in America Equal is not Enough Current Issues in Inclusive Education in the Eyes of Children Watch Video Clips Clip 1: Big Thinkers: Howard Gardner on Multiple Intelligences (Edutopia revisits its 1997 interview with the Harvard University professor about multiple intelligences and new forms of assessment.) Clip 2: The Key Learning Community: Cultivating Multiple Intelligences (Swimming against the tide, this K-12 Indianapolis school emphasizes exploration and deep understanding over rote memorization. ) Clip 3: Multiple Intelligences Leave No Child Behind (Edutopia revisits Indianapoliss Key Learning Community to see how things have changed since our first look in 2001) Clip 4: Diversity in Teach For America (Listen as corps members reflect on the importance of bringing diverse perspectives and backgrounds into the classroom.) Clip 5: Teach For America Alums Reflect Assignment: Discussion Board: Students must submit one unique comment each week in regards to each of the assigned text reading and reply to a fellow students comments at least twice each week. The comments should relate to the material the text reading discusses. Each comment should be at least three sentences in length. The week ends Sunday at 9:00 p.m. Final Project Due Discussion Board: Students must submit one unique comment each week in regards to each of the assigned text reading and reply to a fellow students comments at least twice each week. The comments should relate to the material the text reading discusses. Each comment should be at least three sentences in length. The week ends Sunday at 9:00 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time If a student works ahead during the six week course they should still post every week for the automatic scoring software to count the postings. Students are reminded to check the announcement section of the discussion board frequently for items of interest from the faculty. Students are also reminded to use the email, not the discussion board, to ask questions or make comments directed to their facilitator. Methods of instruction: Percentage of Course Credit Video Lectures 20% Textbook/Articles Readings 10% Midterm project 25% Final project 30% Discussion Board interaction (weekly submissions) 10% Participation 5% Grading criteria/system and evaluation activities: A faculty member will be reviewing students answers and providing feedback. Students will be evaluated on their creativity and ability to incorporate techniques from the lecture into the discussion board, research papers, examples, lesson plans and teacher work samples. University Grading Criteria Grade Equivalent 97-100% A+ 93-96% A 90-92% A- 87-89% B+ 83-86% B 80-82% B- 77-79% C+ 73-76% C 70-72% C- 69% or below U Attendance/Participation It is expected that students will attend all instructional sessions, complete all required activities, and field assignments. Students who do not post in the discussion area during the first week of class AND do not notify the instructor in advance will be dropped from the course and may be charged a course drop fee. University Computer Lab/Library Services Please refer to Section VI in the Student Handbook. Disability Services Please refer to Section VII in the Student Handbook. Due dates of major assignments and projects: Midterm Project Due Date: TBA Final Project Due Date: TBA Midterm Project Design for Instruction TWS Standard 4 The teacher designs instruction for specific learning goals, student characteristics and needs, and learning contexts. Task Describe how you will design your unit instruction related to unit goals, students characteristics and needs, and the specific learning context. Prompt Results of pre-assessment. After administering the pre-assessment, analyze student performance relative to the learning goals. Depict the results of the pre-assessment in a format that allows you to find patterns of student performance relative to each learning goal. You may use a table, graph, or chart. Describe the pattern you find that will guide your instruction or modification of the learning goals. Unit overview. Provide an overview of your unit. Use a visual organizer such as a block plan or outline to make your unit plan clear. Include the topic or activity you are planning for each day/period. Also indicate the goal or goals (coded from your Learning Goals section) that you are addressing in each activity. Make sure that every goal is addressed by at least one activity and that every activity relates to at least one goal. Activities. Describe at least three unit activities that reflect a variety of instructional strategies/techniques and explain why you are planning those specific activities. In your explanation for each activity, include: how the content relates to your instructional goal(s), how the activity stems from your pre-assessment information and contextual factors, what materials/technology you will need to implement the activity, and how you plan to assess student learning during and/or following the activity (i.e., formative assessment). Technology. Describe how you will use technology in your planning and/or instruction. If you do not plan to use any form of technology, provide your clear rationale for its omission. Suggested Page Length: 3 + visual organizer Design for Instruction Rubric TWS Standard: The teacher designs instruction for specific learning goals, student characteristics and needs, and learning contexts. Rating  ® Indicator  ¯ 1 Indicator Not Met 2 Indicator Partially Met 3 Indicator Met Score Alignment with Learning Goals Few lessons are explicitly linked to learning goals. Few learning activities, assignments and resources are aligned with learning goals. Not all learning goals are covered in the design. Most lessons are explicitly linked to learning goals. Most learning activities, assignments and resources are aligned with learning goals. Most learning goals are covered in the design. All lessons are explicitly linked to learning goals. All learning activities, assignments and resources are aligned with learning goals. All learning goals are covered in the design. Accurate Representation of Content Teachers use of content appears to contain numerous inaccuracies. Content seems to be viewed more as isolated skills and facts rather than as part of a larger conceptual structure. Teachers use of content appears to be mostly accurate. Shows some awareness of the big ideas or structure of the discipline. Teachers use of content appears to be accurate. Focus of the content is congruent with the big ideas or structure of the discipline. Lesson and Unit Structure The lessons within the unit are not logically organized organization (e.g., sequenced). The lessons within the unit have some logical organization and appear to be somewhat useful in moving students toward achieving the learning goals. All lessons within the unit are logically organized and appear to be useful in moving students toward achieving the learning goals. Use of a Variety of Instruction, Activities, Assignments and Resources Little variety of instruction, activities, assignments, and resources. Heavy reliance on textbook or single resource (e.g., work sheets). Some variety in instruction, activities, assignments, or resources but with limited contribution to learning. Significant variety across instruction, activities, assignments, and/or resources. This variety makes a clear contribution to learning. Use of Contextual Information and Data to Select Appropriate and Relevant Activities, Assignments and Resources Instruction has not been designed with reference to contextual factors and pre-assessment data. Activities and assignments do not appear productive and appropriate for each student. Some instruction has been designed with reference to contextual factors and pre-assessment data. Some activities and assignments appear productive and appropriate for each student. Most instruction has been designed with reference to contextual factors and pre-assessment data. Most activities and assignments appear productive and appropriate for each student. Use of Technology Technology is inappropriately used OR teacher does not use technology, and no (or inappropriate) rationale is provided. Teacher uses technology but it does not make a significant contribution to teaching and learning OR teacher provides limited rationale for not using technology. Teacher integrates appropriate technology that makes a significant contribution to teaching and learning OR provides a strong rationale for not using technology. Final Project Lesson Planning Activity The project will consist of constructing, implementing, and evaluating a lesson plan that incorporates diversity in the classroom. The student should include strategies and techniques emphasized in the course. The assignment should contain the following information: A description of the classroom environment (e.g. grade level, student/teacher ratio, race if known, ELL, etc.) The proposed lesson plan, incorporating strategies and techniques emphasized in the KDS video presentations. The desired or expected outcome of following the new lesson plan. An evaluation of the lesson plan and its effect on student learning, attitude, etc. Did the results match your expected outcome? Why or why not? How do you know? The assignment should be a total of 5-7 pages in length and include 3-5 references. Use APA format: Use the standard Cover Page and submit to your course facilitator. All assignments are done in 12 pt. Times New Roman font and in APA, 5th Edition format. Add a Reference page that lists items of the authors works cited in your document. Use APA format for the items. Scoring Rubric for Assignment Total Value: 100 Points (25% of final course grade) Content of Paper -Value: 70 points Copy of your lesson plan, your reflections. Quality of Writing Value: 20 points Written work shows superior graduate quality in verbal expression, attention to detail, and correct application of the conventions of the English language. In students written work, paragraphing is appropriate with clear thesis statements and supporting details. Sentences are clear and concise. Students vary sentence structure making use of subordinate clauses. Transitional words and phrases are used effectively. Points and ideas are well organized. Word choice is effective. English language conventions are applied correctly (i.e. spelling, capitalization, punctuation, agreement, pronoun usage, sentence structure).   Format Value: 10 points Cover Page, Reference Page and where applicable, citations and references are used correctly and consistently, with clear efforts made to include a wide range of relevant works. For any work requiring citations, students refer to a wide range of suitable sources. All non original ideas are cited correctly and referenced in a reference list. All works in the reference list are cited in the text. Students  should follow the writing format and style as required by the APA Publication Manual, 5th Edition.