Obesity, Diabetes And Lung Cancer - 1046 Words

Epidemiological studies: Critical Review of Obesity, Diabetes and Lung Cancer Epidemiological Study on Obesity The overweight problem is big issue in the United States and worldwide with the average American weighing 3-5 kilograms more than they did ten years ago. Obesity is an excess of body fat that leads to ill health. The study was based on a sample representative of United States where 22.9 percent men and 23.3 women were obese, and 44.1percent of men and 34 percent of women were overweight indicating that almost half of the United States population was overweight. The research covered children aged 6-11 years and the prevalence rate was 15.8 percent in 2007 with a higher prevalence among Black male and female’s at 20 percent and Hispanics at 26.5 with Whites recording the lowest at13.5 percent (World Health Organization, 2007). Adiposity is the balance between energy intake and expenditure. Excessive intake of energy rich food is one of the main contributors to obesity. The other cause is the sedentary lifestyle that most United States citizens expose themselves to with the younger generation spending more time on the couch either watching television, playing games or on the computer. This lack of exercise is a contributory factor of obesity (Cole, 2000). The other factor is the modern day preference for food rich in energy and fats from the traditional lean meals. Low sugar and a high fat diet are more prone to cause obesity than high sugar low fat diet. The highShow MoreRelatedPublic Health Policy Evaluation And Treatment Of Overweight And Obesity1451 Words   |  6 PagesIdentification, Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. National Heart, Lung and blood Institute. 1998. Surgeon General’s Call to Action. Heart Disease, the number one cause of death in the United States, as well as Stoke (4th) and Diabetes the 7th leading cause of death all have a common denominator; Obesity (CDC). All of these statistics have continued to increase in rank over the last few decades. By 2030, obesity will cost the United States 956.9 billion dollars (O’Neil)Read MoreRisks Associated With Lifestyle Diseases1652 Words   |  7 Pagesare considered as the major cause of death in Australia and globally. Risky behaviours are associated with lifestyle diseases as they can indicate an increased risk of developing a specific lifestyle disease. Some examples of risky behaviours are obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, lack of exercise and inadequate nutrition. An abundance of risky behaviours in an individual’s lifestyle could negatively impact their body’s homeostasis; thus not being capable of controlling body temperature, waterRead MoreDesign Interventional Models For Primary Care Providers1619 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Over the years from proven evidence-based research, there is a need for intervention as primary care physicians attempt to address the issue of adult obesity. Obesity can be linked to many adverse health outcomes such as: diabetes, hypertension and stroke as suggested by the National Heart, Blood and Lung Institute (2012). The purpose of this project is to design interventional models for primary care providers to implement into a wellness program. The program includes increased knowledgeRead MoreObesity: A Media Created Epidemic Essays698 Words   |  3 Pages What? Me worry? - - Alfred E. Neuman Is obesity really a serious health concern or is the â€Å"epidemic† merely a result of highly fabricated, misleading ideas of politicians and the media? The article, Obesity: An Overblown Epidemic? By W. Wayt Gibbs featured in the May 23, 2005 edition of Scientific America, raises this question. Most health experts and average people believe that obesity is one of the most prevalent health concerns today, resulting in increased risk for other majorRead MoreCrime Case Study951 Words   |  4 Pagesexplain the increase in obesity being reported. 2. Problem Analysis for Community/Zip Code: Problem: List two (2) problems within your community (for example, Infant Malnutrition, CVD, Lung Cancer, Obesity, Alcoholism, Violence) NOTE: These problems need to be something the Community Health Nurse can impact (for example, a CHN cannot build a sidewalk, repair a street, implement a new bus route, etc.). Remember to cite sources as appropriate. 1. Obesity 2. Type 2 Diabetes Select one of theseRead MoreUnmet Challenges Of Unmet Health Needs1147 Words   |  5 Pages Heart disease related hospitalizations rates in Alpena are 157.7 per 10,000 (MDCH, 2016b). Obesity The prevalence of obesity in Alpena Michigan is 32.1%, although this is below the national average of 37.7% it is still a significant unmet health need. Obesity, is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and contributes to heart disease, diabetes, stroke and certain types of cancer (CDC, 2016b). Alpena, has invested considerable resources in developing bi-paths throughout theRead MoreObesity : A Serious Health Condition1452 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is a serious health condition that, if left untreated, causes serious health conditions. Contrary to popular belief, obesity is more than a condition caused by overeating and lack of exercise (Vallor 2013). Obesity is a disease (Callahan 2013); a disease that Americans are spending about $150 billion on annually (Zamosky 2013). Additionally, changing a person’s diet and exercise regimen may not be effective in some cases of obesity (Vallor 2013). Obesity is not like most well-known diseases;Read More The Causes and Effects of Obesity686 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Obesity Overview Obesity according to Birmingham and Treasure means there is an excess of adipose tissue (fat) in the body (195). Today, hardly a day goes without the mention of an obesity related issue in the news. In a way, obesity is increasingly becoming a national epidemic. As medical practitioners debate on whether or not obesity should be regarded a disease, policy makers are mulling over what course of action should be adopted so as to rein in the problem of obesity. In an attemptRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Global Epidemic1474 Words   |  6 Pageschildhood obesity has become a global epidemic. Globally it is estimated that around 40-50 million children are obese. In the United States the amount of school-age children who are considered obese has risen from 6% in 1973 to 31% in 2009 (3). In children, obesity is defined as a child’s height and weight being at or over the 95th percentile (1). Childhood obesity can lead to a large amount of adverse consequences, including: low self-es teem, asthma, cancer, premature mortality, and type 2 diabetes (3)Read MoreImproving The Mortality And Morbidity Of Cardiovascular Disease980 Words   |  4 PagesECG’s, stress monitoring, heart changes monitoring, radiological procedures, and labs that could target specific cardiac markers Hsieh et al., 2012). 2. Tobacco use kills millions of people each year. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer (CDC, 2011). Tobacco control and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended the implementation of smoke-free policies to decrease the dangers of second hand smoking and smoke exposure (WHO, 2015). The IOM recommended increasing awareness about

Human Sexuality - 2732 Words

Human Sexuality By Ludwin Molina Spring, 1999 Introduction Human sexuality plays a major role in everyones life. Regardless, whether we are young or old, man or woman, American or Japanese, it is an integral part of what we do and who we are. There has been much done by way of research and scholarly writing examining human sexuality (e.g., Abramson Pinkerton, 1995; Beach, 1976; Diamond, 1997; Reinisch et al., 1990; Stalcup, 1995; Tiefer, 1995). This paper will explore the topic of human sexuality as a motivation. Of course, there are many emotions associated with human sexuality, but the primary aim of this particular paper will be a general overview of sexuality with special attention to the various perspectives, including the:†¦show more content†¦In other words, the participants behavior may consciously be changed to fit with what they believe the observer is seeking. Human Sexual Response (1966) by William Masters and Virginia Johnson is one of the seminal studies examining the sexual behavior of humans via the observation method. Despite the controversy engendered by the method of their study, it gave a reliable picture of what happens to the body during sexual behavior. Experimental Method. Experiments permit researchers to draw causal conclusions between the independent variable and dependent variable. One example of this method is exposing participants to sexually arousing materials while instruments monitor physiological responses (Katchadourian, 1989). The particular limitations of this study seem obvious, in that, one cannot manipulate many variables of interest directly because of ethical standards. Correlational Method. Allows the researcher to examine the relationship between variables of interest. For example, a researcher may be interested in the variables that relate to sexual satisfaction in couples. Therefore, he/she may look at the variables of partner compatibility, communication skills, and number of years the couple has been together. The major limitation of this method is that correlation does not equal causation. Case Study Method. The intensive study of one particular participant. A vast amount ofShow MoreRelatedThe Science Of Human Sexuality Essay1437 Words   |  6 Pages Sexology, an idea truly founded during the late nineteenth century, is the science of human sexuality and fixates on the non-reproductive physical and conceptual functions of sex. Methodically researching physical sexual behavior and objectively analyzing concepts of sexual desires, knowledge, and fantasies, sexology examines human sex and sexual identity in its raw, realistic, and carnal form. The science includes aspects of psychopathologic study in its evaluation of individuals’ sexual identitiesRead MoreHuman Sexuality Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesLegretta Williams- Anderson Module 1: Assignments Professor Dr. Brenda L. McCaa-Buckley PSY-225 Human Sexuality 14-Mar-2011 (O101) Instructions: In each box, identify the terms you use with each of the important people in your life. Use your answers to complete the â€Å"Becoming Comfortable With Sexual Language† assignment in Module 1. Sexual Communication Exercise | Same Sex Peers | Partner | Parent | Doctor | Male Genitalia | Dick | Thang | Pee Pee | Penis | Female GenitaliaRead MoreEssay on Human Sexuality1660 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ HUMAN SEXUALITY u08a1 Case Study Counseling Plan Due 6/3/12 Dr. Sternberg-- instructor By Elaine V. Y. TABLE OF CONTENT Page 1-------Table of Content Page 2--------An Assessment of the sexuality of the couple’s relationship; Page 3-------- Dynamics of the relationship; Multi-axial diagnostic; Page 5---- Sexual Response; Analysis and comparison of the sexual response cycle and the concept of sexual normality PageRead MoreReflection On Human Sexuality1933 Words   |  8 Pagessafety too. She still doesn t know I’m an atheist or am asexual.) And then there was that broad subject of human sexuality. That one was a doozy. Until I was almost twenty-four years old, I found myself still trying to solve the puzzles of sexuality as a topic. I was especially trying to figure out where in the picture I might fit. I believed the framework encompassed every adult human, so the question I asked wasn t if I fit, just where. Slowly, deep down, perhaps part of me I realized thatRead MoreThe Origins of Human Sexuality2085 Words   |  9 PagesThe Origins of Human Sexuality In their book Homicide, Martin Daly and Margo Wilson put forth a theory that challenges human societies common notion of human sexuality. They do this in an attempt to bring about a better understanding of homicide and male aggressiveness. According to Daly and Wilson, males instigate the overwhelming majority of dangerous altercations and they contend that this is due to status competition. Status competition is the idea that males must aggressively competeRead MoreContemporary Perspectives On Human Sexuality Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesThere are various perspective on human sexuality. As seen throughout time, human sexuality has taken several routes and has brought about a different perspective and beliefs on human sexuality. This difference is associated with the consequences man received during the Fall. The definition of authentic sexuality is viewed in several ways through a spectrum that includes theological perspective and contemporary society’s perspective. The se perspective have affected one’s current perspective and beliefsRead MoreContemporary Perspectives On Human Sexuality Essay1338 Words   |  6 PagesThere are various perspectives on human sexuality. As seen throughout time, human sexuality has taken several routes and has brought about different perspectives and beliefs about human sexuality. This difference is associated with the consequences man received during the Fall. The definition of authentic sexuality is viewed in several ways through a spectrum that includes theological perspective and contemporary society’s perspective. These perspectives have affected one’s current perspective andRead MoreHuman Sexuality And Culture Course1403 Words   |  6 PagesWhile taking this Human Sexuality and Culture course, I was presented with a question during one of the discussions: If you had a child with ambiguous genitalia, what would you do? How would you raise him or her? I had to think about this question for a few moments; I had never even considered it! I live in a culture where people fight for equality and others strive to be accepted because they may be different but they are human beings, and I support them; yet, I never imagined how I would be asRead MoreContextual Information On Human Sexuality2306 Words   |  10 PagesContextual Information on Asexuality Asexuality has been an elusive and intriguing subject in American society. Dr. Alfred Kinsey published reports on human sexuality where â€Å"category X† was mentioned (Asexual History, 2015). This category was used to describe individuals with a lack of sexual relationships and reactions (Asexual History 2015). In 1979, Michael Storms came up with a model of erotic orientation and this model included asexuality (Asexual History, 2015). Paula Nurius published a studyRead MoreEssay on The Details of Human Sexuality and Society1246 Words   |  5 PagesThis is a definition of from someone who has studied human sexuality †human sexuality is the way in which we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings (Rathus et al., 1993). There are many factors that help develop our sexuality, arguably one of the most important, is our actual gender. Whether, I am a male or female will likely have a major influence on the development of my individual sexuality. Furthermore, sexu ality is an integral part of our personalities whether we are aware of it or

Solar Energy free essay sample

A new solar powered adsorption refrigerator with high performance Meunier published a comparison of those three sorption systems for solar cooling (Meunier, 1994). The solid–gas system used in the present study is adsorption. The solar adsorption refrigerators have been developed mainly to be used in hot regions with no electricity supply. There is an urgent need in the health sector (for the conservation of medicines and vaccines). These systems have the advantage of not requiring any energy other than solar energy. Nomenclature COP Cp G H L m n P Q A T t coe? cient of performance [–] speci? c heat [J kgA1 KA1 ] global irradiance [W mA2 ] global irradiation [J] evaporation latent heat for water [J kgA1 ] mass [kg] number [–] pressure [Pa] heat quantity [J] area [m2 ] temperature [K] time [s] d e fs h l L m N R S tl w day evaporator collector front side solar heat supply load liquid maximum net rough solar thermal losses (of the cabinet) water Indexes c condenser Guilleminot, 1986; Pralon Ferreira-Leite and Daguenet, 2000) using either a chemical reaction or adsorption, follow an alternative cycle of heating/cooling, also known as ‘intermittent’, the period of which corresponds to the alternation of day and night. Regarding performance, the highest values of COPSR (0. 10–0. 12) were obtained with the adsorption systems zeolite + water (Grenier et al. , 1988) and activated carbon + methanol (Boubakri et al. , 1992a,b; Pons and Grenier, 1987). As methanol can easily evaporate at temperatures below 0 Â °C, thus favouring the production of ice, the most environmentally friendly refrigerant must be water. Using water, ice can be produced within the evaporator, acting as a ‘cold storage’. Both refrigerants, water or methanol, operate at below atmospheric pressure and therefore require vacuum technology. The main purpose of the present study is to obtain better performances than those reported above, with what is, technically speaking, a simple machine. This aim seems reasonably achievable with an adsorptive machine, operated in a 100% solar-powered 24 h cycle with a ? at-plate solar collector containing the adsorbent. However, when referring to the work reported above, both the e? ciency of the solar collector and that of the adsorption thermodynamic cycle could be improved. These requirements were crucial to the design of the ‘advanced’ machine. The laboratory of solar energy of the Engineering school of the Canton de Vaud (EIVD, Yverdon-lesBains, Switzerland) has been developing adsorptive solar refrigerators since 1999. The ? rst systems built used the adsorption pair of activated carbon + methanol. For reasons of reliability and respect for the environment, this pair has been abandoned in favour of a silicagel + water pair. The prototype described and analyzed in this paper has been functioning since the summer of 2000 on the site of the EIVD. A thorough measurement system allows us to characterise it in a complete way. During the summer of 2001, a constant procedure of thermal load in the cold cabinet allowed us to observe the behaviour of the adsorption system over a continuous period of 68 days. We have highlighted the great in? uence of both external temperature and daily irradiation upon the daily coe? cient of performance (COPSR ). Previously, few articles were interested in the analysis of the storage. 2. Description of adsorption and of the adsorption cooling cycle Adsorption, also known as physisorption, is the process by which molecules of a ? uid are ? xed on the walls of a solid material. The adsorbed molecules undergo no chemical reaction but simply lose energy when being ? xed: adsorption, the phase change from ? uid to adsorbate (adsorbed phase) is exothermic. Moreover this process is reversible. In the following, we will focus on adsorption systems mainly used in cooling (or heatpumping) machines: a pure refrigerant vapour that can easily be condensed at ambient temperature and a microporous adsorbent with a large adsorption capacity. The main components of an adsorptive cooling machine are the adsorber (in the present case, the solar collector itself), the condenser, the evaporator and a throttling valve between the last two devices, see Fig. 2. An ideal cycle is presented in the Dâ‚ ¬hring diagram (LnP u vs. A1=T ), Fig. 1. The cycle is explained in detail in (Buchter et al. , 2001). We can summarize it in four stages. C. Hildbrand et al. / Solar Energy 77 (2004) 311–318 313 Fig. 1. An ideal adsorption cooling cycle in the Dâ‚ ¬ hring diau gram. Saturation liquid-vapour curve for the refrigerant (EC dashed line), isoster curves (thin lines), adsorption cycle (thick lines). Heating period: step AB (7 a. m. ? 10 a. m. ) and step BD (10 a. m. ? 4 p. m. ); cooling period: step DF (4 p. m. ? 7 p. m. ) and step FA (7 p. m. ? 7 a. m. ). Step 1: isosteric heating ? A ! B?. The system temperature and pressure increase due to solar irradiance. Step 2: desorption + condensation ? B ! D?. Desorption of the water steam contained in the silicagel; condensation of the water steam in the condenser; the water in the evaporator is drained through the valve. Step 3: isosteric cooling ? D ! F?. Decrease of the period of sunshine; cooling of the adsorber; decrease of the pressure and the temperature in the system. Step 4: adsorption + evaporation ? F ! A?. Evaporation of water contained in the evaporator; cooling of the cold cabinet; production of ice in the evaporator; readsorption of water steam by the silicagel. 3. Description of the machine tested in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland Adsorptive pair. The refrigerant is water, and the adsorbent is a microporous silicagel (Actigel SGa , Silgelac). Collector–adsorber. The solar collector (2 m2 , tilt angle of 30Â °) is double-glazed: a Te? ona ? lm is installed between the glass and the adsorber itself. The adsorber consists of 12 parallel tubes (72. 5 mm in diameter) that contain the silicagel (78. 8 kg). The tubes are covered with an electrolytic selective layer (Chrome-black, Energie Solaire SA), which absorbs 95% of the visible solar radiation while presenting an emissivity of 0. 07 in the infrared wave-lengths. The tubes are layered with a material which presents high conductivity but low speci? c heat capacity (sheets of graphite: Papyexa , Le Carbone Lorraine). A central tube is made out of a grid (diameter 15 mm, mesh 1 mm, wire 0. 45 mm diameter). The ventilation dampers mentioned in the previous sections consist of a Fig. 2. Photograph and plan of an adsorptive solar refrigerator: solar collector–adsorber (1) with detail: glass cover (A), Te? ona ? lm (B), tube covered with selective surface (C) and internally layered with Papyexa , central tube for vapour transport (D), silicagel bed (E), thermal insulation around the collector (F); ventilation dampers (2) closed (2a) and open (2b), condenser(3), cold cabinet (4), graduated tank (5), valve (6), evaporator and ice storage (7). mechanism that allows the thermal insulation to be opened on the rear side of the collector (50 mm glass ?bre), to provide e? cient cooling by natural convection during the night. Condenser. Eight parallel ? nned tubes make a condenser, and are cooled by natural convection of air. The total ? n area is 6. 9 m2 . Evaporator, ice storage and cold cabinet. The evaporator consists of three rings made of square tubes. The total heat exchange area is 3. 4 m2 The evaporator contains 40 l of water which can be transformed into ice during the evaporation stage. The cold cabinet is chesttype and is well insulated (170 mm of expanded polystyrene) with an internal volume of 320 l. 314 C. Hildbrand et al. / Solar Energy 77 (2004) 311–318 Valve. A valve located between the graduated tank and the evaporator is needed on this machine. For control strategy reasons, this valve is electrically powered. 4. 5. Ventilation damper management Closing: when the irradiance goes above 100 W/m2 . Opening: at the end of the afternoon when the angle of the solar beam radiation incident upon the aperture plane of collector (angle of incidence) is above 50Â °. 4. Measurements and operations The objective of the 2001 series of measurements was to obtain a high number of measurements continuously, in order to characterise the working of our adsorption machine. To do this, a system of measurement and a constant procedure of load has been established. 4. 1. Measurements The temperature is measured (probes Pt100) in the silicagel of a central tube of the collector–adsorber (7 sensors), on two condenser tubes and three evaporator tubes; and the ambient air temperature is also measured. The vapour pressure is measured by a piezogauge in the collector-adsorber, in the condenser and in the evaporator. The global irradiance in the plane of the collector is recorded by a pyranometer. A graduated tank (6. 5 l) collects the condensed water. The level of liquid water is automatically measured by a level detector. 5. Meteorological conditions The series of measurements took place from July 25th to September 30th 2001 (68 days) in Yverdon-lesBains (altitude: 433 m, longitude: )6. 38Â °, latitude: 46. 47Â °). Fig. 3 shows the observed weather conditions (daily irradiation and mean external temperature). This graph shows two di? erent periods: (1) From July 25th to the beginning of September: during this summer period, the mean external temperature is above 20 Â °C and the mean daily irradiation reaches 22 MJ/m2 . This ? ne weather period is interrupted between the 3rd and 9th August by less favourable weather. (2) From the beginning of September to the end of the measurement: the mean external temperature and the daily irradiation are distinctly lower (13 Â °C and 13 MJ/m2 ). Furthermore, the conditions are very variable from one day to the next. 4. 2. Acquisition system and command 6. Performance of the tested unit A Labviewa program takes measurements and administers various commands (valve, dampers and load). A measurement is made every 30 s. For each day, a gross solar COPSR can be de? ned as the ratio of the heat extracted by evaporation of water to the solar heat supply, see equation (1). The ? rst one, Qe , is obtained by multiplying the mass of processed water, mL , by the enthalpy di? erence between the saturated vapour at Te and the saturated liquid at Tc The second one, Qh , is the product of the surface A of collector and the solar irradiation obtained by integrating the solar irradiance G from sunrise to sunset. This yields the following

venonous snakes Essay Example For Students

venonous snakes Essay It all started about five years ago when my brother had gotten me a job at the zoo. My whole life I had never really been interested in snakes, I had always thought that they were useless and served no interest to me what so ever. My entire life I had always had a love for animals and wanted to go to vet nary school so I could always be around animals, so Harold had given me a chance to become a zoo keeper. I worked at the Scotch Plains Zoo for three and a half years before it was closed down do to lack of money. While I had worked there I had become to love snakes and thought that were amazing creatures. This love grew to where I started taking in snakes that people didnt want as pets anymore so I would care for them. I started out with two constrictors one blood python and one red tailed boa. I still have both of these snake today the python is 7ft and ninety pounds and the boa is 5 feet and about fifty pounds. We will write a custom essay on venonous snakes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now At first my parents were going to have a heart attack but they accept it now. While I was working at the zoo I applied to take the test for caring for exotic and endangered animals. It had taken forever to get my permits and even with them it is still hard to purchase a lot of animals. When I moved out of my house and got my own place I wanted to start a breeding program for venomous snakes for other zoos in the country. I dont sell my snakes to them I just donate them so other people can see and learn from them that they are not Satans creatures and are quite docile. The first snake that I had purchased was a horned pit viper (which had taken me about 5 months to get. I had to hand build all my enclosures due to the fact that each snake needs different humidity, light and enclosure space. As time gone by I had gotten two more breeding pairs one russels viper and one death adder. The two vipers have a high potency of venom but nothing like the death adder, plus the death adder has one nasty attitude problem. The death adder is the third most venous snake in the world and if it did bite me I would only have 10 minutes to inject myself wit the anti-venom or I would be dead, and even with the anti serum I would still be hospitalized for some time. At my house I keep all three pairs of snakes in the basement all in separate enclosures. I can only put the males and females together at mating season or they could fight(snakes can sometimes be cannibals). It is funny when my roommates come home even to this day they check every night that each snake is in its cage( I guess I cant blame them though ) but they have accepted it and are starting to get use to it. In the future I plan to get one more breeding pair I am just no sure which ones I want yet. Over the past year I have gotten calls from several zoos that asked if they could have the hatchlings. So far you can see my snakes at the Poconos game far, Bronx Zoo, LA zoo, Columbus Zoo, and The South Carolina Alligator Farm. I do what I do not for the purpose of having venomous snakes but to show others that you dont really have much to fear from snakes unless you provoke them. People like I was are afraid of something that they shouldnt be, a snake is not going to come and attack you but more of the less try to get away from you as fast as they can. I think that everyone that is afraid of snakes should hold one just one time to realize that there is really nothing to fear but I also do not mean to go out there and pick up a venomous snake that would be stupid, but to go out and conquer there fears.